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1 | |
The difference between a habitat and a niche is that a niche is |
| | A) | The specific functional role of an organism. |
| | B) | The organism's preferred habitat. |
| | C) | The kind of place an organism occupies. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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2 | |
When cattle were introduced into Australia, dung beetles from Africa were required to |
| | A) | Keep the cattle population at acceptable levels. |
| | B) | Recycle the cow manure. |
| | C) | Reduce grass problems caused by the grazing animals. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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3 | |
Which statement(s) can be true about the predator/pray cycle? |
| | A) | Predation may harm the individual but benefit the population. |
| | B) | Predators act as selecting agents. |
| | C) | The predator population is kept in check by the prey population, as well as vice versa. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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4 | |
When two organisms live together and one is benefits while the other is harmed, the situation is called |
| | A) | Mutualism. |
| | B) | Commensalism. |
| | C) | Parasitism. |
| | D) | Vectorism. |
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5 | |
Lyme disease is caused by a __________ that spends part of its life in a __________. |
| | A) | Bacterium / rodent vector |
| | B) | Tick / rodent vector |
| | C) | Bacterium / tick vector |
| | D) | Tick / bacterium vector |
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6 | |
Orchids are epiphytes because they |
| | A) | Benefit by living on other plants while not harming their hosts. |
| | B) | Benefit by living on other plants while causing moderate, but not usually lethal, harm to their hosts. |
| | C) | Benefit by living on other plants, which in turn benefits their hosts. |
| | D) | Live on other plants, which benefits the hosts but not the orchids themselves. |
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7 | |
When algal cells intermingle with corals, the relationship is __________ because the algae provide the nutrients and the corals provide the moist, fixed structure. |
| | A) | Mutualistic |
| | B) | Commensal |
| | C) | Parasitic |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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8 | |
Symbiotic relationships are |
| | A) | Necessarily beneficial to both organisms. |
| | B) | May be commensalistic or mutualistic or parasitic. |
| | C) | Best described as those in which neither organism benefits but neither organism is harmed. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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9 | |
According to the competitive exclusion principle |
| | A) | No two species can occupy the same habitat at the same time. |
| | B) | No two species can occupy the same niche at the same time. |
| | C) | Weaker organisms will be eliminated by intraspecific and interspecific competition. |
| | D) | Resources will be depleted as competition excludes certain species. |
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10 | |
Which statement(s) is/are true about the cycling of materials in ecosystems? |
| | A) | Decomposers break down organic materials into inorganic materials that can again be used to make organic materials. |
| | B) | The carbon cycle involves both photosynthesis and respiration. |
| | C) | The hydrologic cycle involves photosynthesis and transpiration. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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11 | |
Which statement(s) is/are true about the nitrogen cycle? |
| | A) | Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert nitrogen gas into compounds that plants can use to make amino acids. |
| | B) | Nitrifying bacteria convert nitrite compounds into ammonia. |
| | C) | Denitrifying bacteria convert ammonia into nitrogen gas. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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12 | |
Wildlife management |
| | A) | Has made some serious mistakes in the past about the value of predators. |
| | B) | Is often at odds with municipalities on ways to control biological pests. |
| | C) | Has made controversial decisions favoring wildlife over livestock owners. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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13 | |
Which statement(s) is/are true about habitat destruction? |
| | A) | Some species are more resistant to human activities than others. |
| | B) | Communities with only a few species of organisms are usually more resistant to human interference than are communities with a wide variety of species. |
| | C) | Many species have been driven to extinction by hunting and/or direct exploitation. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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14 | |
When considering the problems with pesticides, it is important to remember that |
| | A) | Pesticides may kill the "normal" pests while letting allowing the resistant individuals to grow. |
| | B) | Pesticides may have deleterious effects on nontarget organisms. |
| | C) | Predators and parasites generally reproduce more slowly than their prey and host species. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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15 | |
In biological amplification, |
| | A) | The metabolic pathways facilitate an increase in the actual number of molecules of an undesirable agent. |
| | B) | The concentration level of an undesirable agent increases with each trophic level. |
| | C) | Although the actual amount of an undesirable agent does not increase, for reasons yet unknown the effects of the amounts present are amplified as the agent traverses the food web. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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16 | |
Which one of the following describes, in part, the niche of a rabbit? |
| | A) | the wind in the area it lives |
| | B) | the golf course it lives on |
| | C) | rabbits are eaten by coyotes |
| | D) | sunlight |
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17 | |
An epiphyte is in a ______ relationship. |
| | A) | commensal |
| | B) | parasitic |
| | C) | competitive |
| | D) | mutualistic |
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18 | |
If two species of organisms occupy the same niche |
| | A) | mutualism will result. |
| | B) | competition will be very intense. |
| | C) | both organisms will become extinct. |
| | D) | both will need to enlarge their habitat. |
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19 | |
Mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism are all examples of |
| | A) | nitrogen-fixing bacteria. |
| | B) | symbiosis. |
| | C) | habitats. |
| | D) | competition. |
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20 | |
Water enters the atmosphere as a result of |
| | A) | photosynthesis. |
| | B) | respiration. |
| | C) | evaporation. |
| | D) | condensation. |
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21 | |
If nitrogen-fixing bacteria were to become extinct |
| | A) | life on earth would stop immediately since there would be no source of nitrogen. |
| | B) | life on earth would continue indefinitely. |
| | C) | life on earth would slowly dwindle as useful nitrogen became less available. |
| | D) | life on earth would be unchanged except that proteins would be less common. |
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22 | |
Nitrogen of the organic molecules in your body comes from |
| | A) | the air you breath. |
| | B) | the water you drink. |
| | C) | carbohydrates in the food you eat. |
| | D) | proteins in the food you eat. |
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23 | |
Nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere as N2 by |
| | A) | plants. |
| | B) | nitrogen-fixing bacteria. |
| | C) | dentirifying bacteria. |
| | D) | nitrifying bacteria. |
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24 | |
If an ecosystem has been contaminated with DDT or PCBs, where would you find the highest concentrations of these chemicals? |
| | A) | in the water |
| | B) | in tissues of producers |
| | C) | in fat tissues of primary consumers |
| | D) | in fat tissues of secondary consumers |
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25 | |
Nitrogen gas makes up approximately _____ of the Earth's atmosphere. |
| | A) | 2% |
| | B) | 7% |
| | C) | 45% |
| | D) | 80% |
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26 | |
Which one of the following does NOT cycle through an ecosystem? |
| | A) | energy |
| | B) | water |
| | C) | carbon |
| | D) | nitrogen |
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27 | |
The habitat of an earthworm is |
| | A) | the planet Earth. |
| | B) | the forest ecosystem. |
| | C) | topsoil. |
| | D) | eating dead organic matter. |
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28 | |
Many plants (flowers) provide nectar for insects. The insects in turn pollinate the flower. This relationship between the insect and plant represents |
| | A) | parasitism. |
| | B) | commensalism. |
| | C) | mutualism. |
| | D) | predation. |
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29 | |
Mosquitos do not cause malaria, but carry and transfer the organism that does cause malaria. Mosquitos in this instance are playing the role of a(n): |
| | A) | vector. |
| | B) | predator. |
| | C) | epiphyte. |
| | D) | competitor. |
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