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Multiple Choice
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1

Nonrenewable resources:
A)are living things such as fish or forests
B)have reached maximum exploitation yields
C)cannot be regenerated by any natural processes within our lifetimes
D)were unrecognized by the early settlers
2

Which term refers to the ecological alteration in arid and semiarid regions with destruction of soil and vegetation.
A)deforestation
B)salinization
C)soil erosion
D)desertification
3

Which of the following is not a technique for soil conservation?
A)Strip cropping
B)Crop rotation
C)Erecting windbreaks
D)Removing native vegetation
4

Hydropower accounts for more than 50% of the electricity produced in all of the following countries except?
A)Canada
B)United States
C)Norway
D)Brazil
5

Whether a material is considered to be a resource is a function of:
A)cultural circumstances
B)physical circumstances
C)the economic situation of a particular country
D)the location of the material
6

Nonfuel mineral deposits are the result of:
A)geologic processes which concentrated the deposits
B)lack of conservation techniques
C)technological advances
D)the location of the population
7

Biomass conversions cannot produce:
A)alcohol
B)liquefied natural gas
C)methane
D)charcoal
8

What percentage of Africa's non-desert region is in danger of human-induced desertification?
A)20%
B)33%
C)40%
D)50%
9

Clear cutting of forests results in all of the following except:
A)accelerated soil erosion
B)increased water pollution
C)more diverse wildlife habitats
D)reduced recreational value of the area
10

Which of the following areas is not one of the major producers of hydroelectric power in the U.S.?
A)New York State
B)Pacific Northwest
C)Rocky Mountains
D)Tennessee Valley
11

The shift from renewable resources to those derived from the fossil fuels initiated the:
A)Agricultural Revolution
B)Green Revolution
C)Industrial Revolution
D)Urban Revolution
12

The agricultural practice of terracing:
A)decreases soil erosion
B)allows soil to renew its fertility
C)takes large amounts of land out of agricultural production
D)deceases the need for pesticides
13

The region that is the largest exporter of crude oil is:
A)Japan
B)Middle East
C)United States
D)Western Europe
14

Wetlands include all of the following except:
A)bogs
B)moraines
C)bayous
D)marshes
15

With respect to the relationship between gross national product (GNP) and energy consumption:
A)as GNP decreases energy consumption decreases
B)as GNP increases energy consumption decreases
C)they both increase directly with each other
D)there is no relationship between the two
16

Which of the following is not a secondary effect of the soil erosion?
A)Increase in urban water supplies
B)Loss of topsoil
C)Salinization
D)Accelerated siltation of nearby streams and reservoirs
17

Large coal deposits are concentrated in the:
A)equatorial regions
B)mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere
C)mid-latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere
D)subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere
18

Which concept refers to satisfying current needs without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs?
A)maximum sustainable yield
B)resource recovery
C)sustainable development
D)underconsumption
19

The two major drawbacks to the use of oil shale and tar sands as synthetic fuels are:
A)cost of extraction and environmental damage
B)distance to markets and alternate sources
C)lack of demand and air pollution
D)transportation and storage
20

Reducing the amount of steel used in making an automobile is an example of:
A)reuse
B)substitution
C)conservation
D)recycling
21

Developing countries are heavily dependent on what types of wood for fuel and charcoal?
A)Northern coniferous
B)Tropical lowland hardwood
C)Temperate hardwood
D)Mixed coniferous-deciduous
22

The nearly perfect energy source is:
A)coal
B)natural gas
C)petroleum
D)nuclear fusion
23

The leading producer and consumer of nuclear energy is:
A)the United States
B)France
C)India
D)Japan
24

Which regions of the world contain 67% of the proven natural gas reserves?
A)North America and the Middle East
B)Russia and the Middle East
C)the North Sea and North America
D)Russia and the North Sea
25

Based on current rates of production, the world reserves of copper are only expected to last for how many years?
A)20
B)27
C)55
D)100
26

Oil is considered a renewable resource.
A)True.
B)False.
27

The United States consumes about 25% of the world's oil.
A)True.
B)False.
28

U.S. reserves of coal are expected to last only about 25 years.
A)True.
B)False.
29

Of the fossil fuels, natural gas has the least impact on the environment.
A)True.
B)False.
30

Nuclear fusion has been perfected for commercial use in the past two years.
A)True.
B)False.
31

The Tennessee River valley area of the United States is a leading hydroelectric power generator.
A)True.
B)False.
32

The narrow area of wetlands along a coastline where salt water and fresh water meet is the neritic zone.
A)True.
B)False.
33

Salinization is a result of the rapid drainage of irrigated agricultural areas in arid climates.
A)True.
B)False.
34

Under most natural conditions, the rate of soil erosion equals or exceeds the rate of soil formation.
A)True.
B)False.
35

A single Madagascar flower produces two drugs used to treat leukemia.
A)True.
B)False.





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