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1 | |
Give two examples of polymorphic genes. |
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2 | |
What are allozymes? |
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3 | |
Calculate the genotype frequency for albino coat color in a population of caribou, of which 257 are the typical brown coat color and 2 are albino. |
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4 | |
You have a population of snapdragons in which two codominant alleles affect flower color. Individuals homozygous for Pred or Pblue display the relevant flower color, while heterozygous PredPblue individuals have purple flowers. Of the 35 plants in your snapdragon patch, 15 have blue flowers, 12 have purple flowers, and 8 have red flowers. Calculate the allele frequency of both alleles. |
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5 | |
Which of the requirements for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium would be violated by a large, randomly breeding population of wolves in which individuals that are homozygous recessive and display black coat color are driven from the pack and forced to live as solitary individuals? |
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6 | |
You identify a species of gnome that has been breeding in your back yard for some time. These "Gadzooks" gnomes are apparently a fairly large, isolated population. Gadzooks display two different hair phenotypes, which appear to be controlled by a single gene with two alleles - "hedge" resembles a twiggy hedge and appears to be dominant, while "pine" resembles pine tree branches and is apparently recessive. You capture what you think is a representative sample of Gadzooks and note that 16% of your sample has the pine hair phenotype. If this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what proportion of Gadzooks do you expect to be heterozygous for hair phenotype? |
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7 | |
List two types of mating that would violate the requirements for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. |
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8 | |
You want to generate an inbred strain of rats for an experiment. You obtain a brother and sister from an outbred strain of rats and mate them. You take two of their offspring and mate them to generate a second generation. Finally, you mate two of the second generation offspring to generate a third generation. Calculate the coefficient of inbreeding (F) for an individual from this third generation. |
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9 | |
List two of the forces that would be expected to alter allele frequencies in natural populations. |
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10 | |
Would you expect to see a larger number of new alleles present in a large or small population after a similar number of generations? Why? |
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11 | |
Differentiate between the bottleneck effect and the founder effect. |
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12 | |
What requirements are necessary for natural selection to occur? |
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13 | |
List two factors that may influence reproductive success. |
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14 | |
In an environment in which the selection coefficient of AA and Aa are both 1.0 and that of aa is low, what can you predict about allele frequencies after several generations? |
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15 | |
Describe genetic load. |
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16 | |
List two factors that could contribute to the genetic load of a population. |
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