• Development begins when a sperm fertilizes an egg.

1. How does fertilization occur?
   Answer

Essential Study Partner

• Fertilization

Bioethical Case Studies

• Embryonic Stem Cells
• Creationism. Evolution and Creationism in the Classroom

• Development in humans involves certain processes and a set series of stages.
• The extraembryonic membranes and the placenta allow humans to develop internally within the uterus.
• Human development is divided into pre-embryonic development; embryonic development, when all systems are established; and fetal development, when systems are completed.
• Male and female sex organs develop from the same indifferent tissue.

1. Development involves what processes?
   Answer
2. What are the extraembryonic membranes? What is their function?
   Answer
3. What happens during pre-embryonic development? During embryonic development?
   Answer
4. What is the path of blood through the heart and the rest of the fetus's body? Where does exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes take place?
   Answer
5. What happens during fetal development?
   Answer
6. How do male and female sex organs develop? What causes ambiguous sex determination?
   Answer

Essential Study Partner

• Preembryonic Development
• Embryonic and Fetal Development

Art Labeling Activity

• Human Extraembryonic Membranes
• Early Development

Art Quiz

• Extraembryonic Membranes

Case Study

• Embryonic Stem Cells—The Future of Organ Transplants

Bioethical Case Studies

• Cloning. Of Cats and Clones
• Heart Transplant. Be Part of the Committee Decision
• Hormones and Multiple Births. What are the Risks and Benefits?
• Transplant. Financial Reimbursement for Organ Donation
• Artificial Wombs
• Treatment of Critically Ill Newborns. Debating the Decisions

• Many physical and physiological occur during pregnancy.
• Birth is a multistage process that includes delivery of the child and the extraembryonic membranes.

1. What physical and physiological changes can a pregnant woman expect?
   Answer
2. What are the stages of birth, and what happens during each stage?
   Answer

Essential Study Partner

• Parturition

Art Labeling Activity

• Anatomy of the Breast

• Investigation into aging shows hope of identifying underlying causes of degeneration and prolonging the health span of individuals.

1. What are the different hypotheses of aging?
   Answer
2. What is the effect of aging on the various body systems?
   Answer
3. What is the best way to keep healthy even though aging occurs?
   Answer