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24.1 Cancer Cells24.1 Origin of Cancer 24.1 Origin of Cancer
  • Cancer cells have characteristics that can be associated with their ability to grow uncontrollably.
  • Mutations of proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes are linked to the development of cancer.
  1. What characteristics of cancer cells allow them to grow uncontrollably?
    Answer
  2. Mutations in what two types of genes lead to uncontrollable growth?
    Answer
  3. What three types of cancer are responsible for the most cancer deaths?
    Answer

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24.2 Causes of Cancer24.2 Causes of Cancer24.2 Causes of Cancer
  • A number of agents are known to bring about the mutations that cause cancer, and a mutated gene can be inherited.
  • Environmental factors play a role in the development of cancer.
  1. What evidence is there that you can inherit genes that lead to cancer?
    Answer
  2. What environmental carcinogens, in particular, are known to play a role in the development of cancer?
    Answer
  3. What protective steps can you take to reduce your risk of cancer?
    Answer

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24.3 Diagnosis and Treatment24.3 Diagnosis and Treatment24.3 Diagnosis and Treatment
  • There are few routine screening tests for specific cancers, and cancer often goes undetected until it is advanced. New ways to diagnose cancer are under investigation.
  • Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are presently the standard ways of treating cancers.
  • Molecular knowledge of cancer has produced many specific types of drugs and therapies that are now in clinical trials.
  • It is possible to take protective steps to reduce the risk of cancer.
  1. What routine screening tests are available to detect and diagnose cancer?
    Answer
  2. What three types of therapy are presently the standard ways to treat cancer?
    Answer
  3. What is an active form of immunotherapy and a passive form of
    Answer
  4. immunotherapy for cancer?
    Answer
  5. What type of p53 therapy is available?
    Answer
  6. What is the rationale for antiangiogenesis therapy?
    Answer







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