Concepts | Questions | Media Resources |
46.1 Scope of ecology
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- Ecology is the study of the interactions of organisms with other organisms and with the physical environment.
- The interactions of organisms with the abiotic and biotic environment affect their distribution and abundance.
| - Distinguish between population, community and ecosystem.
Answer - What is the difference between the density and distribution of a population?
Answer - Things in the environment that are required for a particular species and that can determine their presence or absence in an area are called ________________.
Answer
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Summaries of major points- Ecology
- Density and distribution of populations
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46.2 Characteristics of populations
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- Population size is dependent upon natality, mortality, immigration, and emigration.
- Population growth models predict changes in population size over time under particular conditions.
- Mortality within a population is recorded in a life table and illustrated by a survivorship curve.
- Populations have an age distribution consisting of prereproductive, reproductive, and postreproductive portions.
| - What factors determine the size of a population?
Answer - What do we mean when we say that the intrinsic rate of increase of a population is per capita?
Answer - What are discrete and continuous breeding populations?
Answer - What is biotic potential and under what kind of population growth is it observed?
Answer - Conditions in the environment which prevent populations from attaining their biotic potentials are called ________________.
Answer - What type of population growth occurs in the presence of environmental
resistance?
Answer - What is carrying capacity?
Answer - Which kind of population will grow faster, one with more males than females or one with more females than males, and why?
Answer
| Essential Study Partner
Summaries of major points- Population size
- Population growth models
- Exponential growth
- Logistic growth
- Carrying capacity
- Mortality patterns
- Age distributions
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46.3 Regulation of population size
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- Factors that affect population size are classified as density-independent factors and density-dependent factors.
| - What are the differences between density-independent and density-dependent factors of population growth?
Answer - True or False: Population size grows in a smooth curve to the carrying capacity and then levels off and stays level.
Answer
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Summaries of major points- The J-shaped and S-shaped growth curve models...
- Populations do not increase in size year after year because...
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46.4 Life history patterns
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- Life histories range from discrete reproductive events resulting in rapid population growth to repeated reproduction resulting in a stable population size.
| - What are the characteristics of a population of r-strategists?
Answer - Organisms with long life spans, slow rates of growth, and parental care of only a few young at a time are under what type of selection?
Answer - In what type of environments do r-strategists and K-strategists each do best?
Answer
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Summaries of major points- The logistic population model predicts...
- Most populations cannot....
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46.5 Human population growth
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- The human population is still growing exponentially, and how long this can continue is not known.
| - What type of growth curve is the human population currently experiencing and what is its doubling time?
Answer - What is the difference in the age structure of more-developed and less-developed countries and what does this mean for future population growth in those countries?
Answer - How is environmental impact of human populations calculated?
Answer - What are the differences in environmental impact between less-developed and more-developed countries?
Answer
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Summaries of major points- The human population is growing
- More-developed vs. less-developed countries
- Comparing age distributions
- A sustainable world
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