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Multiple Choice
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1

Everything a person does that can be observed directly constitutes __________.
A)behavior
B)emotions
C)attitudes
D)motivation
2

The founding father of psychology is considered to be _______________.
A)Wilhelm Wundt
B)William James
C)Johannes Muller
D)Charles Darwin
3

A psychologist who asks people to report their mental processes or activities in response to a stimulus like a distinct sound is using the method of ____________________.
A)natural selection
B)introspection
C)functional thinking
D)structural thinking
4

The first prominent American psychologist was ____________________.
A)B. F. Skinner
B)Albert Bandura
C)Edward Tichener
D)William James
5

A psychodynamic theorist would be most likely to believe in the importance of _________________________.
A)early relationships with parents
B)the effects of reward and punishment
C)observation and imitation
D)cultural influences
6

Which of the following would a behaviorist consider an expression of anger?
A)An adult plotting to have a co-worker demoted or fired.
B)An adult slamming the door upon leaving a room.
C)A child daydreaming about fighting a bully at school.
D)A child having recurrent dreams about running away from home.
7

A cognitive psychologist would be most likely to emphasize the ____________________.
A)importance of instincts in determining behavior
B)mental processes involved in thinking
C)usefulness of reinforcement in establishing behavior
D)influence of natural selection
8

A psychologist who uses a social learning approach would attribute much of any athlete's success to ______________________________.
A)the environment in which she was reared
B)his close relationship to his father as a child
C)her parent's system of rewards and punishment
D)the early observation and imitation of successful athletes
9

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes clinical psychologists from psychiatrists?
A)Clinical psychologists primarily work with children and adolescents.
B)Psychiatrists have a Doctor of Medicine degree.
C)Clinical psychologists can prescribe drugs.
D)Psychiatrists treat a more limited number of psychological problems.
10

A behavioral neuroscientist would be most likely to study the ______________________________.
A)availability of support groups for troubled teenagers
B)relationship between stress and depression
C)importance of intelligence in school achievement
D)role of the brain in visual illusions
11

College students who are having difficulty deciding on a major because they are unsure about the career they want to enter would probably seek help from a __________ psychologist.
A)personality
B)social
C)counseling
D)environmental
12

A school psychologist who is a member of the positive psychology movement would be most likely to consider ways to ____________________.
A)maintain discipline in the classroom
B)increase student creativity
C)remove aggressive students from classes
D)help teachers cope with depressed students
13

An educational psychologist would be most likely to conduct a study to ______________________________.
A)measure the attitudes of students toward student government officers
B)implement a new treatment for depression among teachers
C)assess the effect of a new desk design on student alertness
D)test a new method for teaching a foreign language
14

A psychologist who assists lawyers as they are preparing cases is a __________ psychologist.
A)forensic
B)social
C)personality
D)counseling
15

When confronted with a 40-page chapter to read, students should ______________________________.
A)take breaks after certain numbers of pages have been read
B)take breaks at logical places in the chapter based on the content
C)read the chapter very carefully one time
D)read the chapter and then review the headings and lead paragraphs





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