9.1 Lewis Dot Symbols
Placing Electrons in Lewis Structures
Bonds and Lone Pairs
The Octet Rule
Writing Lewis Structures I
Writing Lewis Structures II
Lewis Structures
9.2 The Ionic Bond
Sodium1 Chloride
Lattice Energy
Coulomb's Law
Computing Lattice Energy with the Born-Haber Cycle
9.3 Lattice Energy of Ionic Compounds
Ionic vs Covalent Bonding
9.4 The Covalent Bond
Covalent Bond
Ionic vs. Covalent Bonding
Bond Strength
9.5 Electronegativity
Polarity of Molecules
Polarity1
Electronegativity
Redox1
Determining Molecular Shape
Electronegativity and the Elements
REDOX Illustrations
Oxidation Numbers
Identifying Oxidized and Reduced Elements
9.6 Writing Lewis Structures
9.7 Formal Charge and Lewis Structure
Formal Charges
9.8 The Concept of Resonance
Resonance Structure
The Resonance Structures of Carbonate Ion
The Lewis Structure of Benzene
9.9 Exceptions to the Octet Rule
Placing Electrons in Octet Rule Exceptions
9.10 Bond Energies
Energy1 Activation
Work and Heat
Exothermic or Endothermic Reactions
Enthalpies of Reaction