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| 1 | |
Restriction endonucleases are enzymes which cut DNA at a specific palindromic sequence. They are produced |
| | A) | in the laboratory by ligating cDNA fragments. |
| | B) | in fungi grown with specific bacteria. |
| | C) | by reverse transcriptase in viruses. |
| | D) | by bacteria to protect against viral infection. |
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| 2 | |
When a restriction enzyme makes a staggered cut across a strand of DNA, this is known as a |
| | A) | sticky end. |
| | B) | blunt end. |
| | C) | ligase. |
| | D) | genetic fingerprint. |
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| 3 | |
From the one strand noted, identify the palindromic sequence below. |
| | A) | GAATTC |
| | B) | GCAT |
| | C) | TTAGAA |
| | D) | TAGAT |
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| 4 | |
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments using |
| | A) | ribose gel. |
| | B) | electric current. |
| | C) | gene probes. |
| | D) | hybridization. |
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| 5 | |
In order for biotechnology methods to produce human proteins from bacterial cells in culture, all the following must occur EXCEPT |
| | A) | human DNA must be removed from the nucleus. |
| | B) | rRNA must be isolated. |
| | C) | a cDNA copy must be made. |
| | D) | polymerase makes the DNA double-stranded. |
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| 6 | |
In fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), the presence of specific gene markers is visualized in |
| | A) | an agarose gel. |
| | B) | on a filter. |
| | C) | in intact cells. |
| | D) | in solution. |
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| 7 | |
The most detailed analysis of DNA comes from determining |
| | A) | the size of the DNA molecule. |
| | B) | restriction pattern of a sample. |
| | C) | its hybridization characteristics. |
| | D) | the actual order and types of bases in DNA. |
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| 8 | |
A quick way to determine whether bacterial colonies have incorporated a gene of interest is |
| | A) | to apply the Sanger method. |
| | B) | to perform an RFLP. |
| | C) | to do a hybridization test. |
| | D) | to make a genomic library. |
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| 9 | |
The polymerase chain reaction is a method of |
| | A) | performing gel electrophoresis. |
| | B) | DNA amplification. |
| | C) | making cDNA. |
| | D) | making an RNA probe. |
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| 10 | |
The PCR technique operates by cycling through three basic steps. These three steps include all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | denaturation. |
| | B) | priming. |
| | C) | extension. |
| | D) | cloning. |
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| 11 | |
During recombinant DNA technology DNA is inserted by a vector. Identify a vector from the list below: |
| | A) | Genome |
| | B) | Plasmid |
| | C) | Recombinant |
| | D) | Protein |
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| 12 | |
Which of the following is NOT a type of cloning vector used to transfer recombinant DNA into a cloning host? |
| | A) | plasmids |
| | B) | bacteriophages |
| | C) | cosmids |
| | D) | E. coli |
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| 13 | |
Correction or repair of faulty genes in humans is termed |
| | A) | DNA sequencing. |
| | B) | biotechnology. |
| | C) | bioengineering. |
| | D) | gene therapy. |
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| 14 | |
DNA fragments separate on an electrophoresis gel with the |
| | A) | largest segments traveling furthest. |
| | B) | smallest segments traveling furthest. |
| | C) | most negatively charged pieces traveling quickest. |
| | D) | most positively charged pieces moving backwards. |
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| 15 | |
The systematic study of an organism's genes and their functions is called |
| | A) | metagenomics. |
| | B) | metabolomics. |
| | C) | genomics. |
| | D) | proteonomics. |
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| 16 | |
In hybridization, oligonucleotides function as |
| | A) | restriction enzymes. |
| | B) | vectors. |
| | C) | ligases. |
| | D) | probes. |
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| 17 | |
The two strands that compose the DNA double helix can be separated by |
| | A) | denaturation by lowering the temperature. |
| | B) | denaturation by raising the temperature. |
| | C) | crystallization. |
| | D) | DNA sequencing. |
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| 18 | |
DNA fingerprinting was first devised by |
| | A) | Frederick Sanger. |
| | B) | Alex Jeffries. |
| | C) | Louis Pasteur. |
| | D) | Robert Koch. |
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| 19 | |
A cloning host has the following desirable features EXCEPT |
| | A) | fast growth rate. |
| | B) | pathogenicity. |
| | C) | well-mapped genome. |
| | D) | keeps foreign genes intact. |
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| 20 | |
The vector is inserted into a cloning host by |
| | A) | replication. |
| | B) | transcription. |
| | C) | transformation. |
| | D) | translation. |
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| 21 | |
Typically, the final product of recombinant DNA technology is a |
| | A) | lipid. |
| | B) | carbohydrate. |
| | C) | nucleic acid. |
| | D) | protein. |
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| 22 | |
Transgenic animals can be engineered to produce |
| | A) | DNA for cloning. |
| | B) | gene therapy products. |
| | C) | crop improvement. |
| | D) | human proteins. |
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| 23 | |
Gene therapy is said to be _____ if cells are altered within the body. |
| | A) | in vivo |
| | B) | ex vivo |
| | C) | attenuated |
| | D) | transposed |
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| 24 | |
Human beings contain approximately ______ genes. |
| | A) | 20–25 |
| | B) | 100–1000 |
| | C) | 20,000–25,000 |
| | D) | 100,000–1,000,000 |
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| 25 | |
Scientists are working to find a cure for cancer. This is an example of basic science. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 26 | |
Genetic engineering is also called bioengineering or biotechnology. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 27 | |
Palindromes are sequences of DNA that are identical when read from the 5' to 3' direction on one strand of DNA and from the 5' to 3' direction on the other strand. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 28 | |
The primary intent of recombinant DNA technology is to deliberately remove genetic material from one organism and combine it with that of a different organism. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 29 | |
Transgenic organisms are produced through recombinant DNA technology and can be patented. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 30 | |
Bioengineered hormones, enzymes, and vaccines are easier to produce but not as safe as their natural equivalents. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 31 | |
Only adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine are capable of carrying and copying the genetic code. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 32 | |
Proteomics is the study of the collection of proteins being produced by an organism at a particular time. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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