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| 1 | |
___________ destroys all viable organisms including viruses. |
| | A) | Sterilization |
| | B) | Antiseptic use |
| | C) | Disinfection |
| | D) | Sanitization |
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| 2 | |
___________ destroys vegetative pathogens, but not bacterial endospores. |
| | A) | Sterilization |
| | B) | Antiseptic use |
| | C) | Disinfection |
| | D) | Sanitization |
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| 3 | |
___________ mechanically removes microorganisms, reducing contamination to safe levels. |
| | A) | Sterilization |
| | B) | Antiseptic use |
| | C) | Disinfection |
| | D) | Sanitization |
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| 4 | |
___________ are chemical agents that are applied directly to exposed body surfaces, wounds, and surgical incisions. |
| | A) | Sterilizers |
| | B) | Antiseptics |
| | C) | Disinfectants |
| | D) | Sanitizers |
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| 5 | |
Place the following in order by level of resistance with highest resistance first. |
| | A) | endospores, prions, protozoan cysts, fungal spores |
| | B) | prions, protozoan cysts, fungal spores, naked viruses |
| | C) | endospores, fungal spores, hyphae, prions |
| | D) | bacterial vegetative cells, prions, naked viruses, protozoan cysts |
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| 6 | |
A(n) _______ is a chemical that destroys bacteria except for those in the endospore stage. |
| | A) | bacteriostat |
| | B) | fungistat |
| | C) | bactericide |
| | D) | antibiotic |
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| 7 | |
___ ___ is the growth of microorganisms in the body fluids and tissues. |
| | A) | Asepsis |
| | B) | Sepsis |
| | C) | Bacteriostasis |
| | D) | Microbiostasis |
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| 8 | |
Factors that influence the rate at which microbes are killed by antimicrobial agents include all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | the number of organisms present. |
| | B) | the concentration of the agent. |
| | C) | the presence of interfering organic matter. |
| | D) | all of the above are correct. |
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| 9 | |
The cellular targets of physical and chemical agents fall into general categories including those that damage |
| | A) | the mitochondrion. |
| | B) | the cell membrane. |
| | C) | cytoplasmic inclusions. |
| | D) | the nucleus. |
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| 10 | |
Antimicrobial agents can target the cell wall by |
| | A) | blocking its synthesis. |
| | B) | digesting it. |
| | C) | breaking down its surface. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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| 11 | |
Microbial death is defined by |
| | A) | loss of motility (and other vital signs). |
| | B) | cell lysis. |
| | C) | lack of respiration. |
| | D) | inability to reproduce in optimal conditions. |
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| 12 | |
Inoculating loops are generally sterilized using |
| | A) | moist heat. |
| | B) | incineration. |
| | C) | chemicals. |
| | D) | filtration. |
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| 13 | |
Desiccation preserves food through |
| | A) | reducing the temperature. |
| | B) | freezing and drying. |
| | C) | dehydration. |
| | D) | pasteurization. |
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| 14 | |
Identify the form of nonionizing radiation from the list below: |
| | A) | gamma rays |
| | B) | x-rays |
| | C) | cathode rays |
| | D) | ultraviolet rays |
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| 15 | |
Autoclaving is effective for most materials except for |
| | A) | proteins. |
| | B) | enzymes. |
| | C) | amino acids. |
| | D) | oils. |
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| 16 | |
Chilling, freezing, and desiccation are |
| | A) | microbicidal. |
| | B) | microbiostatic. |
| | C) | disinfectants. |
| | D) | sterilants. |
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| 17 | |
Sterilization by filtration removes microbes from heat-sensitive liquids and circulating air. The type of microbe removed depends on the |
| | A) | pH of the liquid. |
| | B) | temperature of the liquid. |
| | C) | temperature of the air. |
| | D) | pore size of the filter. |
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| 18 | |
Fluorine, bromine, chlorine, and iodine are classified as nonmetallic |
| | A) | halogens. |
| | B) | phenolics. |
| | C) | alcohols. |
| | D) | detergents. |
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| 19 | |
_________ can be used to disinfect water, food, and surfaces. |
| | A) | Chlorine compounds |
| | B) | Phenols |
| | C) | Alcohols |
| | D) | Hydrogen peroxide |
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| 20 | |
Triclosan, a chemical in most "antibiotic" soaps, |
| | A) | is considered to be the "miracle antiseptic" in household use. |
| | B) | has increased resistance of microbes to other antibacterial agents. |
| | C) | is superior to regular soap and water. |
| | D) | kills fungi and viruses as well as bacteria. |
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| 21 | |
Joseph Lister used ________ as a surgical germicide. |
| | A) | bleach |
| | B) | iodine |
| | C) | phenol |
| | D) | alcohol |
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| 22 | |
Hydrogen peroxide is especially useful in treating _______ bacteria. |
| | A) | aerobic |
| | B) | anaerobic |
| | C) | facultatively anaerobic |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 23 | |
Boiling an object for a few minutes will make it slightly sterile. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 24 | |
Surfactants are detergents that work as microbicidal agents because they increase the surface tension of cell membranes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 25 | |
Most microbes are killed in freezing temperatures. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 26 | |
Pasteurization is a technique in which heat is applied to liquids to kill potential agents of infection and spoilage, while at the same time retaining the liquid's flavor and food value. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 27 | |
Physical methods of microbial control include heat, cold, radiation, drying, and filtration. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 28 | |
The "thermal death point" is the lowest temperature required to kill all microbes in a sample in 10 minutes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 29 | |
Moist heat requires higher temperatures and shorter times for sterilization than dry heat. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 30 | |
Ionizing radiation dislodges electrons from molecules, strengthening DNA |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 31 | |
Prions are the most resistant infectious agent to chemical and physical control methods. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 32 | |
The food industry maintains strict aseptic practices and sterilizes all food and equipment. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 33 | |
Bacteria in a biofilm are easier to kill with disinfectants than planktonic (free-living) bacteria. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 34 | |
Bacteria in a biofilm are easier to kill with disinfectants than planktonic (free-living) bacteria. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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