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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
Identify the technique listed below that is NOT one of the three categories used by microbiologists to diagnose infections.
A)phenotypic
B)genotypic
C)cellulogic
D)immunologic
2
Cell shape, size, and special characteristics can be determined by
A)Gram staining.
B)acid-fast staining.
C)endospore staining.
D)all of the above.
3
An example of a immunological method of diagnosis includes
A)direct examination of specimens.
B)observing the growth of specimen cultures on special media.
C)serological testing of specimen cultures.
D)nucleic acid sequencing.
4
Genotypic methods of analysis include all of the following EXCEPT
A)DNA analysis using genetic probes.
B)polymerase chain reactions.
C)precipitation reactions.
D)rRNA analysis.
5
Phenotypic methods of identification include
A)Gram staining.
B)colony texture.
C)fermentation tests.
D)all of the above.
6
Identify the method of macroscopic testing listed below.
A)Gram staining
B)direct antigen
C)biochemical testing
D)animal inoculation
7
Using figure 17.5 in your text, identify the organism that would be an anaerobic, Gram-negative coccus that does not react in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.
A)Neisseria
B)Veillonella
C)Micrococcus
D)Bacillus
8
Using figure 17.5 in your text, identify the organism that is a Gram-positive coccus, arranged in irregular clusters, that is strictly aerobic.
A)Staphylococcus
B)Streptococcus
C)Micrococcus
D)Planococcus
9
Sampling methods vary by site. It is important to sample correctly because
A)dichotomous keys will not work otherwise.
B)invalid sampling invalidates test results.
C)storage of the sample will be ineffective.
D)only doctors can take proper precautions.
10
Specificity is a property of a test which
A)does not react with unrelated subjects.
B)focuses on a wide variety of antibodies and antigens.
C)detects even very small amounts of antibodies or antigens.
D)none of the above.
11
Hybridization in DNA analysis requires the use of
A)nucleic acid sequencing.
B)serology.
C)probes.
D)precipitation reactions.
12
Serological tests
A)can be used for antigens but not antibodies.
B)can be used for antigens and antibodies.
C)are usually in vivo assessments.
D)are based on Gram staining.
13
A titer is the concentration of
A)antigen in plasma.
B)antibody in serum.
C)antigen in serum.
D)antibody in whole blood.
14
Immunoassays are useful
A)to diagnose viral infections.
B)to detect very small quantities of antigen.
C)to detect very small quantities of antibody.
D)all of the above.
15
___________ occur between antibody and antigens bound to cells.
A)Agglutination reactions
B)Precipitation reactions
C)Immunoelectrophoresis
D)Sensitivity reactions
16
Samples collected early in an infection are called ___________, while samples collected later from the same subject are called ___________.
A)confirming, diagnostic
B)primary, secondary
C)acute, convalescent
D)titer, serological
17
Direct fluorescent antibody tests
A)indicate the presence of complement.
B)indicate the presence of an antibody.
C)can diagnose infection.
D)all of the above.
18
Immunochromatographic testing can be used to diagnose
A)HIV.
B)strep throat.
C)gonorrhea.
D)all of the above.
19
Phage typing is especially useful in identifying strains of
A)Mycobacterium.
B)Salmonella.
C)Clostridium.
D)Streptococcus.
20
Epidemiologists and public health officials use data from _______ analysis to rapidly determine the source of infectious disease outbreaks.
A)PCR
B)FISH
C)PFGE
D)RAPD
21
The ELISA test
A)uses enzymes and dyes.
B)uses radioisotopes.
C)uses an electric current.
D)involves subcutaneous injection of antigen to elicit a response.
22
A test using lysis of sheep red blood cells to determine if an antibody is present in serum is the
A)hemagglutination test.
B)complement fixation test.
C)double-diffusion test.
D)ELISA test.
23
_______ separates antigen into bands, then after the gel is affixed to a blotter, it is reacted with a test specimen and developed by radioactivity or with dyes.
A)Agglutination testing
B)Double diffusion precipitation testing
C)Immunoelectrophoresis
D)The Western blot test
24
The naked eye can be used in diagnosis of microorganisms; a microscope is not always necessary.
A)True
B)False
25
The primary advantage of phenotypic analysis over genotypic analysis is that culturing is required.
A)True
B)False
26
Most sampling methods require aseptic technique and storage in anaerobic containers.
A)True
B)False
27
Dichotomous keys can be useful for tracing a route of positive/negative identifiers to a presumptive identification of a microbe.
A)True
B)False
28
The essential differences between agglutination and precipitation reactions are the time required for and the method of sampling.
A)True
B)False
29
Complement fixation involves a two-part procedure.
A)True
B)False
30
Biochemical tests determine whether microbes possess particular surface proteins on their cell surface.
A)True
B)False
31
The tuberculin test is performed in vitro (in a test tube).
A)True
B)False
32
False positive tests may mean a cross-reaction has occurred between unrelated agents in the sample and reagents in the test medium.
A)True
B)False
33
Finding a few colonies of Escherichia coli in a urine sample means that a patient has a urinary tract infection.
A)Ture
B)False





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