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| 1 | |
The nervous system performs three important functions. Which of the following is NOT one of those functions? |
| | A) | sensory |
| | B) | circulation |
| | C) | integrative |
| | D) | motor |
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| 2 | |
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is |
| | A) | found only in the brain. |
| | B) | a neurotransmitter. |
| | C) | nutritional and cushioning. |
| | D) | contained within the dendrites. |
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| 3 | |
Meningitis is an infection and inflammation of |
| | A) | the grey matter of the brain and associated dendrites. |
| | B) | the membranes around the brain. |
| | C) | spinal nerves. |
| | D) | cranial nerves. |
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| 4 | |
Typical signs and symptoms of meningitis include all of these EXCEPT |
| | A) | headache. |
| | B) | painful or stiff neck. |
| | C) | fever. |
| | D) | RBCs in CSF. |
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| 5 | |
Neisseria meningitidis ("the meningococcus") |
| | A) | are Gram positive cocci. |
| | B) | is associated with epidemic forms of meningitis. |
| | C) | has no capsule. |
| | D) | is a minor cause of meningitis. |
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| 6 | |
Streptococcus pneumoniae ("the pneumococcus") |
| | A) | causes petechiae in the extremities. |
| | B) | has no effective vaccine. |
| | C) | is the most frequent cause of community-acquired meningitis. |
| | D) | is a Gram negative diplococcus. |
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| 7 | |
Pregnant women are cautioned not to eat soft, unpasteurized cheeses or meats from delicatessens due to this organism, which can cause meningitis, encephalitis, and septicemia in fetuses and neonates, though it causes little problem in immunocompetent adults. |
| | A) | Listeria monocytogenes |
| | B) | Cryptococcus neoformans |
| | C) | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| | D) | Haemophilus influenza |
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| 8 | |
Naegleria fowleri can cause amoebic meningoencephalitis and |
| | A) | is commonly found in warm natural bodies of water. |
| | B) | invades broken skin and the conjunctiva of the eye. |
| | C) | has a long course of infection. |
| | D) | is of special concern to people with traumatic eye injuries. |
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| 9 | |
Postinfection encephalitis (PIE) is a condition |
| | A) | resulting from direct viral invasion. |
| | B) | resulting from previous infection with measles and other childhood rash diseases. |
| | C) | occurring rarely after immunization with live, attenuated vaccines. |
| | D) | occurring frequently after immunization with sub-unit vaccine. |
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| 10 | |
Subacute encephalitis symptoms |
| | A) | occur primarily in neonates. |
| | B) | take longer to show and are less striking. |
| | C) | result 1-2 weeks after infection with measles or other childhood rash diseases. |
| | D) | happen when a virus is reactivated from a dormant state. |
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| 11 | |
Toxoplasma gondii, a flagellated parasite, is common. What is it's primary reservoir and host? |
| | A) | humans |
| | B) | insects |
| | C) | birds |
| | D) | cats |
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| 12 | |
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) |
| | A) | is called a "fast virus infection." |
| | B) | occurs shortly after mumps infections. |
| | C) | is caused by indirect viral invasion of skeletal tissue. |
| | D) | currently has no treatment and no prevention. |
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| 13 | |
Prions are |
| | A) | submicroscopic bacteria. |
| | B) | viruses. |
| | C) | proteinaceous infectious particles. |
| | D) | protozoan parasites. |
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| 14 | |
Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease (CJD) is found in |
| | A) | sheep. |
| | B) | cattle. |
| | C) | minks. |
| | D) | humans. |
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| 15 | |
Prions cause diseases known collectively as |
| | A) | prion-associated encephalitis. |
| | B) | spongy encephalitis. |
| | C) | transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. |
| | D) | non-viral encephalopathies. |
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| 16 | |
This disease is generally fatal once symptoms have begun. Treatment must begin immediately after exposure to prevent the course of infection. |
| | A) | CJD |
| | B) | West Nile Virus |
| | C) | toxoplasmosis |
| | D) | rabies |
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| 17 | |
Effective vaccination programs have eliminated polio in |
| | A) | Africa. |
| | B) | the Western Hemisphere. |
| | C) | the Middle East. |
| | D) | China. |
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| 18 | |
Rabies can manifest in three forms: |
| | A) | viral, bacterial, and aseptic. |
| | B) | furious, hydrophobic, and dumb. |
| | C) | infective, inhaled, and ingested. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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| 19 | |
There are three major forms of botulism. Which of the following is not one of the three major forms? |
| | A) | food-borne |
| | B) | infant |
| | C) | inhalation |
| | D) | wound |
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| 20 | |
Clostridium species tend to |
| | A) | form endospores. |
| | B) | prefer aerobic conditions. |
| | C) | be found in hospitals. |
| | D) | do damage because of endotoxins. |
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| 21 | |
Trypanosoma brucei, the cause of sleeping sickness, is able to avoid immune response by |
| | A) | capsule glycoproteins. |
| | B) | hiding in body cells. |
| | C) | living in an alternate host. |
| | D) | antigenic shifting. |
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| 22 | |
All of the following can usually be prevented by use of a vaccine EXCEPT for |
| | A) | Neisseria meningitidis. |
| | B) | Streptococcus pneumoniae. |
| | C) | Haemophilus influenzae. |
| | D) | Listeria monocytogenes. |
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| 23 | |
The nervous system has no normal flora. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 24 | |
Humans serve as a reservoir for meningococcal meningitis. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 25 | |
There appears to be a well-developed natural immunity to meningococcus in most populations, therefore the infection rate is low. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 26 | |
Currently there is no vaccine for meningococcus. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 27 | |
More than half of the cases of West Nile Virus in the United States in 2012 were centered in Texas. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 28 | |
An arbovirus has an insect as a vector. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 29 | |
No satisfactory treatment exists for any of the arboviral encephalitides. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 30 | |
Tetanus is nearly always fatal. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 31 | |
Hydrophobia, a symptom of rabies, is fear of fire. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 32 | |
Viral meningitis ("aseptic meningitis") is usually far more severe and deadly than bacterial or fungal meningitis. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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