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| 1 | |
The gastrointestinal tract can be thought of as a long tube. Identify the organ that is NOT part of the gastrointestinal tract. |
| | A) | mouth |
| | B) | anus |
| | C) | pancreas |
| | D) | duodenum |
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| 2 | |
The greatest concentration of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract are found |
| | A) | in the stomach. |
| | B) | on the teeth. |
| | C) | in the small intestine. |
| | D) | in the large intestine. |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following immunological defenses is common to the oral cavity, the upper GI tract, and the lower GI tract? |
| | A) | IgA |
| | B) | lysozyme |
| | C) | low pH |
| | D) | bile |
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| 4 | |
The gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) consists of all the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | tonsils & adenoids. |
| | B) | Peyer's patches. |
| | C) | appendix. |
| | D) | gallbladder. |
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| 5 | |
The incidence of dental caries is associated with |
| | A) | amount of carbohydrate consumed. |
| | B) | hygiene practices. |
| | C) | host genetic factors. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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| 6 | |
Gingivitis is the initial stage of |
| | A) | dental caries. |
| | B) | periodontitis. |
| | C) | ulcers. |
| | D) | gastritis. |
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| 7 | |
The paramyxovirus which causes mumps evades immune response by |
| | A) | having blood type O antigen on its surface. |
| | B) | forming syncytia and moving cell to cell. |
| | C) | infecting lymphocytes. |
| | D) | antigen switching. |
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| 8 | |
Swelling of the salivary glands in mumps is called |
| | A) | parotitis. |
| | B) | periodontitis. |
| | C) | salivitis. |
| | D) | granuloma. |
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| 9 | |
Salmonella variants cause all the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | salmonellosis. |
| | B) | typhoid fever. |
| | C) | gastroenteritis. |
| | D) | typhus. |
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| 10 | |
Gastritis and gastric ulcers are caused primarily by |
| | A) | Helicobacter infection. |
| | B) | Staphylococcus infection. |
| | C) | high sugar diet & spicy foods. |
| | D) | psychological stress. |
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| 11 | |
Enterohemorrhagic E.coli, or EHEC, can cause all the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | hemolytic uremic syndrome. |
| | B) | dysentery. |
| | C) | gastroenteritis with fever. |
| | D) | hepatocarcinoma. |
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| 12 | |
Short incubation period, "rice-water" stools, and copious watery diarrhea are the hallmark of infection by this organism, which kills up to half of untreated patients. |
| | A) | Clostridium difficile |
| | B) | Vibrio cholerae |
| | C) | Yersinia entercolitica |
| | D) | Cryptosporidium |
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| 13 | |
"Food poisoning" should be suspected with persons who shared food within the previous 1-6 hours, and share the signs and symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Typically, this is due to |
| | A) | infection. |
| | B) | emetics. |
| | C) | intoxication. |
| | D) | inebriation. |
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| 14 | |
___________ does NOT produce an exotoxin as a virulence factor. |
| | A) | Salmonella |
| | B) | Shigella |
| | C) | E. coli O157:H7 |
| | D) | Campylobacter |
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| 15 | |
Identify the hepatitis that can lead to cancer. |
| | A) | hepatitis A |
| | B) | hepatitis B |
| | C) | hepatitis D |
| | D) | hepatitis E |
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| 16 | |
The most common flagellated protozoan isolated in clinical specimens is |
| | A) | Cyclospora cayetanensis |
| | B) | Giardia lamblia |
| | C) | Vibrio cholerae |
| | D) | Entamoeba histolytica |
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| 17 | |
The most common worm disease of children in temperate zones is |
| | A) | tapeworm. |
| | B) | fluke. |
| | C) | pinworm. |
| | D) | hookworm. |
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| 18 | |
Some antihelminthic therapeutic agents (ATA) work by |
| | A) | paralyzing the worm so it can be expelled in the feces. |
| | B) | increasing the worm's metabolism. |
| | C) | increasing ATP formation in the worm. |
| | D) | destroying the eggs. |
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| 19 | |
Flukes tend to have a complex life cycle, using ___________ to complete the life cycle. |
| | A) | infective cysts |
| | B) | intermediate hosts |
| | C) | terminal hosts |
| | D) | sexual reproduction |
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| 20 | |
Schistosomiasis has several unique characteristics, including |
| | A) | shedding eggs into the bile duct and use of snails as part of the life cycle. |
| | B) | being able to see tracks of burrowing worms under the skin and its tiny size. |
| | C) | absorbing vitamin B12 and making it unavailable to the host, causing anemia. |
| | D) | the ability to burrow into intact skin and coating itself with host blood proteins. |
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| 21 | |
______ is an inflammatory disease marked by necrosis of liver cells and a mononuclear response that swells and disrupts the liver. |
| | A) | Cholera |
| | B) | Hepatitis |
| | C) | Periodontitis |
| | D) | Giardiasis |
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| 22 | |
Identify the worm whose larvae hatch outside the body in soil contaminated with feces, and then infect the host by penetrating the skin. |
| | A) | tapeworm |
| | B) | hookworm |
| | C) | pinworm |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 23 | |
The stomach is sterile and has no normal flora. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 24 | |
Dental caries is the most common infectious disease of human beings. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 25 | |
In the absence of dietary carbohydrates, bacteria do not cause tooth decay. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 26 | |
Humans are the exclusive natural hosts for the mumps virus. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 27 | |
It is estimated that one out of every five chickens destined for human consumption is contaminated with Salmonella. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 28 | |
Eosinophilia is a hallmark of helminth infection. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 29 | |
Diarrhea containing blood and mucus is also called dysentery. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 30 | |
Campylobacter is the most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in the United States. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 31 | |
Salmonella enterica is the main pathogen of salmonellosis. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 32 | |
Treatment for EHEC does not include antibiotic therapy. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 33 | |
All E.coli variants cause disease. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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