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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
Bacteria and archaea have
A)a nucleus.
B)histones.
C)organelles.
D)ribosomes.
2
"Non-eukaryotes" includes
A)protista & archaea
B)algae & bacteria
C)bacteria & archaea
D)protista & algae
3
The cell membrane is selectively permeable and regulates transport. It is also involved in
A)secretion.
B)storage of wastes.
C)storage of DNA.
D)Gram stain reactions.
4
Ribosomes are made up of multiple subunits of RNA and protein. They are important in cellular function because
A)they are storage bodies for the cell.
B)the provide structural support in the cytoskeleton.
C)they are the site of protein synthesis.
D)they contain genetic information.
5
The nucleoid contains
A)chromosomal material.
B)peptidoglycan.
C)actin.
D)a membrane.
6
A bacillus with single flagella at both ends would be classified as
A)monotrichous.
B)amphitrichous.
C)peritrichous.
D)lophotrichous.
7
Cell motility is an important identifying characteristic in laboratories. What is the best way to determine whether a bacterial strain is motile?
A)Do a simple stain and observe the organisms under phase-contrast microscopy.
B)Do a Gram stain and observe the organisms under bright-field microscopy.
C)Stab an inoculum into a tube of semisolid medium.
D)Inoculate a liquid culture with the organism.
8
The flagellum is attached to the cell body by a
A)filament.
B)cilium.
C)basal body.
D)pilus.
9
____________ are corkscrew-shaped bacteria with wriggly movement caused by the activity of axial filaments.
A)Bacilli
B)Cocci
C)Spirilla
D)Spirochetes
10
A conjugation pilus allows bacteria to
A)attach to surfaces, aiding in the formation of biofilms.
B)move using an "oarlike" motion.
C)transfer genetic material.
D)infect their host.
11
Which of the following is a function of the glycocalyx?
A)to aid in adhering to the cell's environment
B)to aid in preventing phagocytosis from cells that might engulf the bacterium
C)formation of biofilms
D)all of the above
12
Bacteria in biofilms
A)are composed of only a single species.
B)are easily treated and removed.
C)form on teeth, medical devices and in the middle ear.
D)behave the same way as planktonic, or single-living bacteria.
13
Mycoplasmas lack a cell wall. Their cell membrane is stabilized by ____________ and is resistant to lysis.
A)testosterone
B)sterols
C)teichoic acid
D)porin
14
Which of the following is NOT found in the cell envelope of a Gram-positive bacterium?
A)outer membrane
B)cell wall
C)cell membrane
D)peptidoglycan
15
What initiates the formation of an endospore?
A)stimulus to reproduce
B)transfer of genetic material
C)injury to the cell
D)depletion of nutrients
16
Identify the bacterium listed below which does NOT form endospores.
A)Bacillus anthracis
B)Clostridium perfringens
C)Clostridium botulinum
D)Staphylococcus aureus
17
Bacterial endospores are medically important because
A)they are susceptible to antibiotics.
B)they resist ordinary cleaning and sanitizing methods.
C)all spore-forming bacteria are pathogenic.
D)all of the above.
18
Identify the bacterial shape pictured: O
A)coccus
B)pleomorph
C)spirochete
D)bacillus
19
The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria
A)is a rigid, protective outer shell.
B)is also referred to as endotoxin and stimulates fever and shock.
C)is the site of nutrient exchange and allows sizes and shapes of molecules to pass through it.
D)has the same chemical composition as the cell membrane.
20
The bacterial chromosome
A)is enclosed by a membrane.
B)is very short due to the simplicity of bacterial cells.
C)is dispersed throughout the cell.
D)is circular and wound around special basic protein molecules.
21
Bacterial plasmids
A)confer protective traits such as toxin production and the ability to resist drugs.
B)are essential to growth and metabolism.
C)are always completely separate from the bacterial chromosome.
D)are only passed on to bacterial offspring.
22
Archaea that are found in salt deposits are mostly
A)methanogens.
B)halophiles.
C)psychrophiles.
D)hyperthermophiles.
23
Rickettsias and chlamydias are classified as
A)Gram-positive bacteria.
B)extracellular parasites.
C)obligate intracellular parasites.
D)hyperthermophiles.
24
Once a bacterium receives the stimulus to produce an endospore, it undergoes a conversion to a committed sporulating cell called a vegetative cell.
A)True
B)False
25
The cells of bacteria can be categorized according to arrangement or style of grouping. The greatest variety in arrangement occurs in bacilli.
A)True
B)False
26
One of the most viable indicators of evolutionary relatedness and affiliation is a comparison of the sequence of nitrogen bases in ribosomal RNA.
A)True
B)False
27
The definitive published source for bacterial classification is the American Type Culture Collection or ATCC.
A)True
B)False
28
A species of bacteria is a distinct type of bacteria that can sexually produce viable offspring when it mates with others of its own kind.
A)True
B)False
29
A bacterial flagellum allows movement by undulating or waving back and forth.
A)True
B)False
30
Archaea are more closely related to bacteria than eukaryotes.
A)True
B)False
31
Treating infections with gram-positive bacteria requires different drugs than those used to treat gram-negative bacteria.
A)True
B)False
32
Bacteria and eukaryotes have similar sized ribosomes.
A)True
B)False
33
Bacterial microcompartments, or BMCs are filled with enzymes designed to work together in pathways.
A)True
B)False





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