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| 1 | |
Which set of four elements makes up the largest portion of cells by dry weight? |
| | A) | carbon, sulfur, potassium, oxygen |
| | B) | oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, hydrogen |
| | C) | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen |
| | D) | nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, potassium |
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| 2 | |
Any substance, whether in elemental or molecular form, that must be provided to an organism is called a(n) |
| | A) | ionic nutrient. |
| | B) | essential nutrient. |
| | C) | micronutrient. |
| | D) | trace element. |
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| 3 | |
A micronutrient can also be called |
| | A) | a trace element. |
| | B) | a macronutrient. |
| | C) | an elemental reservoir. |
| | D) | a principal nutrient. |
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| 4 | |
Microbial cell cytoplasm is composed mostly of |
| | A) | water and protein. |
| | B) | macronutrients in elemental form. |
| | C) | salts and glucose. |
| | D) | peptidoglycan. |
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| 5 | |
An autotroph |
| | A) | uses inorganic carbon dioxide as its carbon source. |
| | B) | uses organic carbon as its carbon source. |
| | C) | obtains its carbon from the bodies of other organisms. |
| | D) | is nutritionally dependent on other living things. |
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| 6 | |
Nitrogen is vital to microbial growth. It is obtained from organic or inorganic sources to make |
| | A) | amino acids. |
| | B) | proteins. |
| | C) | nucleotides. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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| 7 | |
A ____________ metabolizes the organic matter of dead organisms. |
| | A) | parasite |
| | B) | saprobe |
| | C) | photoautotroph |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 8 | |
Extracellular digestion in bacteria and fungi |
| | A) | aids endocytosis. |
| | B) | results in exocytosis. |
| | C) | facilitates transport of nutrients in. |
| | D) | results in transport of wastes out. |
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| 9 | |
When the environment is equal in solute concentration to the cell's internal environment then there is no net change in cell volume. This indicates a(n) ____________ solution around the cell. |
| | A) | hypotonic |
| | B) | hypertonic |
| | C) | isotonic |
| | D) | barometric |
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| 10 | |
Cell walls are useful for structural integrity as well as to keep a cell from bursting in a(an) solution. |
| | A) | hypotonic |
| | B) | isotonic |
| | C) | hypertonic |
| | D) | barometric |
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| 11 | |
The majority of medically significant microorganisms are |
| | A) | thermophiles. |
| | B) | mesophiles. |
| | C) | psychrophiles. |
| | D) | halophiles. |
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| 12 | |
An organism that is capable of living without oxygen if necessary is termed a(n) |
| | A) | aerobe. |
| | B) | facultative anaerobe. |
| | C) | obligate anaerobe. |
| | D) | aerotolerant anaerobe. |
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| 13 | |
Most cultured bacteria tend to multiply by |
| | A) | binary fission. |
| | B) | budding. |
| | C) | fragmentation. |
| | D) | sexual reproduction. |
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| 14 | |
During this phase of growth, newly inoculated cells require a period of adjustment, enlargement, and synthesis. |
| | A) | death phase |
| | B) | exponential growth phase |
| | C) | stationary growth phase |
| | D) | lag phase |
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| 15 | |
The duration of each bacterial division is called the generation or |
| | A) | exponential time. |
| | B) | viable growth. |
| | C) | doubling time. |
| | D) | growth curve. |
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| 16 | |
Assuming I had a single bacterium that could undergo binary fission every 30 minutes, how many bacteria would I have at the end of 7 hours? |
| | A) | 72 |
| | B) | 730 |
| | C) | 230 |
| | D) | 214 |
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| 17 | |
Cell numbers can be counted directly by all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | microscope counting chamber. |
| | B) | Coulter counter. |
| | C) | flow cytometer. |
| | D) | turbidity. |
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| 18 | |
The stationary growth phase in a bacterial growth chart is due to all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | depletion of nutrients in the culture. |
| | B) | increased density of cells. |
| | C) | a period of adjustment to growing conditions. |
| | D) | accumulation of wastes and byproducts. |
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| 19 | |
The optimum pH for most culturable microbes ranges between |
| | A) | 3-5. |
| | B) | 5-7. |
| | C) | 6-8. |
| | D) | 8-10. |
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| 20 | |
Microbes in most environments form ecological associations with other organisms. The term for a symbiotic relationship beneficial to both partners is termed a |
| | A) | commensalism. |
| | B) | mutualism. |
| | C) | parasitism. |
| | D) | competition. |
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| 21 | |
Microorganisms which exist under high pressure are called |
| | A) | thermophiles. |
| | B) | barophiles. |
| | C) | psychrophiles. |
| | D) | halophiles. |
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| 22 | |
Phagocytosis and pinocytosis are forms of |
| | A) | osmosis. |
| | B) | diffusion. |
| | C) | passive transport. |
| | D) | active transport. |
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| 23 | |
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called osmosis. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 24 | |
Active transport occurs independently of energy input. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 25 | |
Red snow is a phenomenon caused by psychrophilic green algae. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 26 | |
The three cardinal temperatures for a microorganism describe its temperature range—the range in which that microorganism grows best. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 27 | |
A person shedding bacteria in the early and middle stages of an infection is more likely to spread it to others than is a person in the late stages. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 28 | |
A form of active transport that can move specific substances is facilitated diffusion. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 29 | |
Microorganisms have been found more than 300 meters deep in the rocky crust of Earth. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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30. ______ troph A) heat
31. ______ phile B) light
32. ______ hetero C) self
33. ______ photo D) love
34. ______ auto E) food/feeding
35. ______ thermo F) other
OR, IF THE ABOVE WON'T WORK IN THE WEB FORMAT:
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