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| 1 | |
When a new acquaintance asks you for your phone number, you recite it without hesitation even though you had not thought about it for days. According to the Freudian view of levels of consciousness, your phone number is located in |
| | A) | the preconscious mind. |
| | B) | the unconscious mind. |
| | C) | the superego. |
| | D) | None of these; Freud's viewpoint cannot be applied to this situation. |
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| 2 | |
Jennifer can talk on the phone while she loads the dishwasher. Which type of processing is Jennifer's mind engaged in? |
| | A) | Controlled processing |
| | B) | Divided attention |
| | C) | Automatic processing |
| | D) | Selective attention |
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| 3 | |
Most _____________ rhythms are regulated by _____________. |
| | A) | circadian; suprachiasmatic nuclei |
| | B) | biological; suprachiasmatic nuclei |
| | C) | circadian; beta waves |
| | D) | biological; delta waves |
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| 4 | |
An EEG of your brain would show a pattern of ______ waves when you are awake and alert, but would show a pattern of _____ waves as you become relaxed and sleepy. |
| | A) | theta; alpha |
| | B) | alpha; beta |
| | C) | delta; sleep spindle |
| | D) | beta; alpha |
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| 5 | |
REM sleep is sometimes called paradoxical sleep because |
| | A) | during a normal REM sleep cycle, one is likely to experience many confusing dreams. |
| | B) | during a normal REM sleep cycle, the body is highly aroused yet essentially paralysed. |
| | C) | in a normal REM sleep cycle, the person sleeping tosses and turns, yet has the sensation of being unable to move. |
| | D) | with proper training, the person sleeping is able to have elaborate dreams that are under their conscious control. |
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| 6 | |
Which of the following statements regarding the sleep changes we experience as we age is true? |
| | A) | The elderly generally sleep less than young adults, averaging less than 6 hours of sleep per night. |
| | B) | The elderly require more sleep than young adults, averaging more than 8 hours of sleep per night. |
| | C) | The amount of REM sleep decreases throughout the lifespan. |
| | D) | In old age we mostly experience slow wave sleep. |
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| 7 | |
Which theory posits that we sleep to recover from physical and mental fatigue? |
| | A) | Circadian sleep model |
| | B) | Memory consolidation |
| | C) | Restoration model |
| | D) | Activation-synthesis model |
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| 8 | |
Cataplexy, a sudden loss of muscle tone sometimes experienced by those with narcolepsy, is often instigated by |
| | A) | alcohol. |
| | B) | caffeine. |
| | C) | strenuous activity. |
| | D) | strong emotions. |
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| 9 | |
Charlotte sometimes appears to be acting out her dreams. She will often kick, punch, and get out of bed while sleeping. When she underwent studies in a sleep lab, doctors determined that her behaviour occurred during REM. Charlotte probably suffers from |
| | A) | REM-sleep behaviour disorder. |
| | B) | narcolepsy. |
| | C) | night terrors. |
| | D) | nightmares. |
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| 10 | |
Freud termed the underlying meaning of a dream the ____________, while he called the actual story that the dreamer reports the ____________. |
| | A) | manifest content; latent content |
| | B) | latent content; manifest content |
| | C) | symbolic content; real content |
| | D) | symbolic content; manifest content |
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| 11 | |
Which of the following is true regarding depressants? |
| | A) | They affect only the peripheral nervous system. |
| | B) | They increase nervous system activity. |
| | C) | They decrease nervous system activity. |
| | D) | Even if consumed in high doses, depressants cannot lead to death. |
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| 12 | |
At first Steven needed to drink three pints of beer to get a buzz. He now has to drink six pints to get the same buzz. Which term best describes Steven’s condition? |
| | A) | Addiction |
| | B) | Withdrawal |
| | C) | Psychological dependence |
| | D) | Tolerance |
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| 13 | |
In relation to the drug ecstasy which of the following statements is NOT true? |
| | A) | Once the drug wears off users often feel depressed, partly due to serotonin depletion. |
| | B) | As a result of taking ecstasy agitation can occur alongside the increase in positive mood. |
| | C) | There is no evidence that suggests ecstasy can cause long lasting neuronal damage. |
| | D) | Ecstasy has a chemical structure resembling both a stimulant and a hallucinogen. |
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| 14 | |
The activation-synthesis theory of dreaming suggests: |
| | A) | Dreams are merely a by-product of stage 1 sleep. |
| | B) | The brain is trying to make sense of random neural activity. |
| | C) | The main purpose of dreaming is the gratification of unconscious desires and needs. |
| | D) | Dreams have specific and important functions. |
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| 15 | |
Which of the following statements reflect a characteristic of consciousness? |
| | A) | It is self-reflective and central to a sense of self. |
| | B) | It is relatively static. |
| | C) | It is an objective and public state. |
| | D) | It has no relationship with selective attention. |
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