24.1 Water Balance

1			Which of the following estimates of the average amount of water loss is incorrect?
			A)	urine: 1500 ml/day
			B)	breath: 30 ml/day
			C)	feces: 200 ml/day
			D)	sweat: 100 ml/day
2			Which of the following causes the long-term inhibition of thirst?
			A)	cool, moist mouth
			B)	increased plasma osmolarity
			C)	decreased plasma osmolarity
			D)	distended stomach
3			Renal failure may cause
			A)	excess fluid volume.
			B)	dehydration.
			C)	volume depletion (hypovolemia).
			D)	diabetes mellitus.
4			The most common form of fluid sequestration is
			A)	edema.
			B)	hematoma.
			C)	pleural effusion.
			D)	ankle sprain.

24.2 Electrolyte Balance

5			Enhanced Na+ resorption as a result of aldosterone release will lead to
			A)	enhanced secretion of K(sup)+(/sup) from the blood to the tubule cells.
			B)	excessive thirst.
			C)	highly dilute urine.
			D)	a large shift in urine pH.
6			The maintenance of homeostasis is least critical for which of the following electrolytes?
			A)	sodium
			B)	potassium
			C)	calcium
			D)	phosphates
7			A deficiency of potassium is called ________________.
			A)	hyponatremia
			B)	hyperphosphatemia
			C)	hypokalemia
			D)	hypernatremia

24.3 Acid-Base Balance

8			An increase in blood pH would
			A)	favor the formation HCO3- in the tubule cells.
			B)	favor the formation of HCO3- in the blood.
			C)	favor the formation of NaH2PO4.
			D)	be fatal to the organism.
9			Some important buffering systems in the body are
			A)	phosphate and protein.
			B)	bicarbonate and phosphate.
			C)	protein and bicarbonate.
			D)	protein, phosphate, and bicarbonate.
10			A constantly replenished source of bicarbonate ion is
			A)	carbonic acid normally present in the tubules.
			B)	carbonic acid produced from metabolic carbon dioxide and water.
			C)	sodium carbonate in the filtrate.
			D)	bicarbonate ion in the blood.