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| 1 | |
Describe all the sensations involved when a woman picks up an apple and bites into it. Explain which of those sensations are special and which are general. What types of receptors are involved? Which aspects of the taste of the apple are actually taste and which are olfaction? |
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| 2 | |
Some student nurses are at a party. Because they love anatomy and physiology so much, they are discussing adaptation of the special senses. They make the following observations:
- When entering a room, an odor like brewing coffee is easily noticed. A few minutes later, the odor might be barely, if at all, detectable, no matter how hard one tries to smell it.
- When entering a room, the sound of a ticking clock can be detected. Later the sound is not noticed until a conscious effort is made to hear it. Then it is easily heard. Explain the basis for each of these observations.
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| 3 | |
A patient suffered a loss of two-point discrimination and proprioception on the right side of the body. Voluntary movement of muscles was not affected, and pain and temperature sensations were normal. Is it possible to conclude that the right side of the spinal cord was damaged? |
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| 4 | |
A patient is suffering from the loss of two-point discrimination and proprioceptive sensations on the right side of the body resulting from a lesion in the pons. What tract is affected, and which side of the pons is involved? |
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| 5 | |
A patient suffers a lesion in the central core of the spinal cord. It is suspected that the fibers that decussate and that are associated with the lateral spinothalamic tracts are affected in the area of the lesion. What observations would be consistent with that diagnosis? |
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| 6 | |
A person in a car accident exhibits the following symptoms: extreme paresis on the right side, including the arm and leg, reduction of pain sensation on the left side, and normal tactile sensation on both sides. Which nerve tracts are damaged? Where did the patient suffer nerve tract damage? |
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| 7 | |
If the right side of the spinal cord is completely transected, what symptoms do you expect to observe with regard to motor function, two-point discrimination, light touch, and pain perception? |
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| 8 | |
A patient with a cerebral lesion exhibits a loss of fine motor control of the left hand, arm, forearm, and shoulder. All other motor and sensory functions appeared to be intact. Describe the location of the lesion as precisely as possible. |
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| 9 | |
A patient suffers brain damage in an automobile accident. It is suspected that the cerebellum is the part of the brain that is affected. On the basis of what you know about cerebellar function, how could you determine that the cerebellum is involved? |
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| 10 | |
Woody Knothead was accidentally struck in the head with a baseball bat. He fell to the ground unconscious. Later, when he regains consciousness, he is not able to remember any of the events that happened 10 minutes before the accident. Explain. What complications might be looked for at a later time? |
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