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| 1 | |
In the plasma membrane, _____________ form(s) the lipid bilayer, _____________ determine(s) the fluid nature of the membrane, and _____________ mainly determine(s) the function of the membrane. |
| | A) | phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins |
| | B) | phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol |
| | C) | proteins, cholesterol, phospholipids |
| | D) | cholesterol, phospholipids, proteins |
| | E) | cholesterol, proteins, phospholipids |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following are functions of the proteins found in the plasma membrane? |
| | A) | channel proteins |
| | B) | marker molecules |
| | C) | receptor molecules |
| | D) | enzymes |
| | E) | all of the above |
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| 3 | |
Integrins in the plasma membrane function as |
| | A) | channel proteins. |
| | B) | marker molecules. |
| | C) | attachment sites. |
| | D) | enzymes. |
| | E) | receptor molecules. |
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| 4 | |
In general, lipid-soluble molecules diffuse through the _____________; small, water-soluble molecules diffuse through the _____________. |
| | A) | membrane channels, membrane channels |
| | B) | membrane channels, lipid bilayer |
| | C) | lipid bilayer, carrier molecules |
| | D) | lipid bilayer, membrane channels |
| | E) | carrier proteins, membrane channels |
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| 5 | |
Small pieces of matter, and even whole cells, can be transported across the plasma membrane in |
| | A) | membrane channels. |
| | B) | carrier molecules. |
| | C) | receptor molecules. |
| | D) | marker molecules. |
| | E) | vesicles. |
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| 6 | |
The rate of diffusion increases if the |
| | A) | concentration gradient decreases. |
| | B) | temperature of a solution decreases. |
| | C) | viscosity of a solution decreases. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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| 7 | |
Concerning the process of diffusion, at equilibrium |
| | A) | the net movement of solutes stops. |
| | B) | random molecular motion continues. |
| | C) | there is an equal movement of solute in opposite directions. |
| | D) | concentration of solute is equal throughout the solution. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 8 | |
Which of these statements about osmosis is true? |
| | A) | Osmosis always involves a membrane that allows water and all solutes to diffuse through it. |
| | B) | The greater the solute concentration, the smaller the osmotic pressure of a solution. |
| | C) | Osmosis moves water from a greater solute concentration to a lesser solute concentration. |
| | D) | The greater the osmotic pressure of a solution, the greater the tendency for water to move into the solution. |
| | E) | Osmosis occurs because of hydrostatic pressure outside the cell. |
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| 9 | |
If a cell is placed in a _____________ solution, lysis of the cell may occur. |
| | A) | hypertonic |
| | B) | hypotonic |
| | C) | isotonic |
| | D) | isosmotic |
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| 10 | |
Container A contains a 10% salt solution, and container B contains a 20% salt solution. If the two solutions are connected, the net movement of water by diffusion is from _____________ to _____________, and the net movement of salt by diffusion is from _____________ to _____________. |
| | A) | A,B; A,B |
| | B) | A,B; B,A |
| | C) | B,A; A,B |
| | D) | B,A; B,A |
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| 11 | |
Suppose that a woman ran a long-distance race in the summer. During the race she lost a large amount of hyposmotic sweat. You would expect her cells to |
| | A) | shrink. |
| | B) | swell. |
| | C) | stay the same. |
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| 12 | |
Suppose that a man is doing heavy exercise in the hot summer sun. He sweats profusely. He then drinks a large amount of distilled water. After he drank the water, you would expect his tissue cells to |
| | A) | shrink. |
| | B) | swell. |
| | C) | remain the same. |
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| 13 | |
Unlike diffusion and osmosis, filtration depends on a _____________ on the two sides of the partition. |
| | A) | concentration gradient |
| | B) | pressure difference |
| | C) | difference in electric charge |
| | D) | difference in osmotic pressure |
| | E) | hyposmotic solution |
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| 14 | |
Which of these statements about facilitated diffusion is true? |
| | A) | In facilitated diffusion, net movement is down the concentration gradient. |
| | B) | Facilitated diffusion requires the expenditure of energy. |
| | C) | Facilitated diffusion does not require a carrier protein. |
| | D) | Facilitated diffusion moves materials through membrane channels. |
| | E) | Facilitated diffusion moves materials in vesicles. |
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| 15 | |
Which of these statements concerning cotransport of glucose into cells is true? |
| | A) | The sodium-potassium exchange pump moves Na+ into cells. |
| | B) | The concentration of Na+ outside cells is less than inside cells. |
| | C) | A carrier protein moves Na+ into cells and glucose out of cells. |
| | D) | The concentration of glucose can be greater inside cells than outside cells. |
| | E) | As Na+ is actively transported into the cell, glucose is carried along. |
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| 16 | |
A white blood cell ingests solid particles by forming vesicles. This describes the process of |
| | A) | exocytosis. |
| | B) | facilitated diffusion. |
| | C) | secondary active transport. |
| | D) | phagocytosis. |
| | E) | pinocytosis. |
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| 17 | |
Given these characteristics:
1. requires energy
2. requires carrier proteins
3. requires membrane channels
4. requires vesicles
Choose the characteristics that apply to exocytosis. |
| | A) | 1, 2 |
| | B) | 1, 4 |
| | C) | 1, 3, 4 |
| | D) | 1, 2, 3 |
| | E) | 1, 2, 3, 4 |
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| 18 | |
Cytoplasm is found |
| | A) | in the nucleus. |
| | B) | outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane. |
| | C) | outside the plasma membrane. |
| | D) | inside mitochondria. |
| | E) | everywhere in the cell. |
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| 19 | |
Which of these elements of the cytoskeleton is composed of tubulin and forms essential components of centrioles, spindle fibers, cilia, and flagella? |
| | A) | actin filaments |
| | B) | intermediate filaments |
| | C) | microtubules |
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| 20 | |
Cylindrically shaped extensions of the plasma membrane that do not move, and are supported with actin filaments; they may function in absorption or as sensory receptors. This describes |
| | A) | centrioles. |
| | B) | spindle fibers. |
| | C) | cilia. |
| | D) | flagella. |
| | E) | microvilli. |
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| 21 | |
A large structure, normally visible in the nucleus of a cell, where ribosomal subunits are produced |
| | A) | endoplasmic reticulum. |
| | B) | mitochondria. |
| | C) | nucleolus. |
| | D) | lysosome. |
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| 22 | |
A cell that synthesizes large amounts of protein for use outside the cell has a large |
| | A) | number of cytoplasmic inclusions. |
| | B) | number of mitochondria. |
| | C) | amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum. |
| | D) | amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. |
| | E) | number of lysosomes. |
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| 23 | |
Which of these organelles produces large amounts of ATP? |
| | A) | nucleus |
| | B) | mitochondria |
| | C) | ribosomes |
| | D) | endoplasmic reticulum |
| | E) | lysosomes |
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| 24 | |
Mature red blood cells cannot |
| | A) | synthesize ATP. |
| | B) | transport oxygen. |
| | C) | synthesize new protein. |
| | D) | use glucose as a nutrient. |
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| 25 | |
For each glucose molecule, aerobic respiration may produce up to _____________ ATP and 6 CO2 molecules, whereas anaerobic respiration produces _____________ ATP and 2 lactic acid molecules. |
| | A) | 2, 2 |
| | B) | 2, 4 |
| | C) | 2, 38 |
| | D) | 38, 2 |
| | E) | 38, 38 |
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| 26 | |
A portion of an mRNA molecule that determines one amino acid in a polypeptide chain is called a |
| | A) | nucleotide. |
| | B) | gene. |
| | C) | codon. |
| | D) | exon. |
| | E) | intron. |
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| 27 | |
In which of these organelles is mRNA synthesized? |
| | A) | nucleus |
| | B) | ribosome |
| | C) | endoplasmic reticulum |
| | D) | nuclear envelope |
| | E) | peroxisome |
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| 28 | |
During the cell life cycle, DNA replication occurs during the |
| | A) | G1 phase. |
| | B) | G2 phase. |
| | C) | M phase. |
| | D) | S phase. |
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| 29 | |
Given the following activities:
1. repair
2. growth
3. gamete production
4. differentiation
Which of the activities are the result of mitosis? |
| | A) | 2 |
| | B) | 3 |
| | C) | 1, 2 |
| | D) | 3, 4 |
| | E) | 1, 2, 4 |
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