 |
| 1 | |
Dr. Dre is interested in all of the changes that occur over someone's lifespan, including biological, cognitive, and social. Dr. Dre is most likely interested in |
| | A) | individual differences. |
| | B) | only maturation processes. |
| | C) | child development. |
| | D) | lifespan development. |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
An examination of the biological, cognitive/psychological, and social changes that occur over the course of a human life summarizes |
| | A) | child development. |
| | B) | lifespan development. |
| | C) | interactionist development. |
| | D) | biologically secondary processes. |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
All of the following are objectives of lifespan psychology EXCEPT: |
| | A) | to offer an organized account of development. |
| | B) | to identify interconnections between earlier and later events. |
| | C) | to account for mechanisms responsible for lifespan development. |
| | D) | to specify only the psychological factors that shape behavior. |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
According to Rutter (2006), age is an ambiguous explanation for behavior for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: |
| | A) | age shows us direct links to causal mechanisms. |
| | B) | age reflects past experiences that influence current behavior. |
| | C) | age reflects current social situations. |
| | D) | age tells mostly about biological maturity. |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
When discussing development it is important to recognize that |
| | A) | ideas of children, adolescents, and adults have changed significantly with time. |
| | B) | theories of development have been stagnate for over 100 years. |
| | C) | culture has no effect on development. |
| | D) | we only discuss nature versus nurture effects. |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
Which of the following is not true regarding research on aging? |
| | A) | When physical health remains good, cognitive performance suffers only a slight decline. |
| | B) | Much of the decline in memory performance in the later years can be attributed to a decline in verbal speed. |
| | C) | Test anxiety lowers test scores when older adults find themselves in strange settings. |
| | D) | Generally, even in healthy adults we see a decline in all cognitive functioning, especially intelligence. |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
Dr. Yuma is investigating how genes, personality and the effects of war impact the development of Romanian orphans. She is most likely interested in |
| | A) | cognitive interactions. |
| | B) | social interactions. |
| | C) | biologically Primary interactions. |
| | D) | biopsychosocial interactions. |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
When examining the biopsychosocial model, the elements that are attributed to psychology include all of the following EXCEPT: |
| | A) | cognitive development. |
| | B) | motor development. |
| | C) | information processing. |
| | D) | personality. |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
Interpretations of lifespan development have changed over the years. Snapshots of development have been influenced by __________ forces that reflect the ideas and values of specific eras. |
| | A) | biological |
| | B) | hereditary |
| | C) | financial |
| | D) | cultural |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
If you knew only the facts that make up a person's cultural history, then you have a(n) ________ understanding of that culture. |
| | A) | superficial |
| | B) | intermediate |
| | C) | advanced |
| | D) | significant |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
Taj believes that development is an ongoing interaction between heredity and environment. His research focuses on how going to the gym effects the development of proteins, which in turn effects the development of muscles, which in turn effects the individuals' mood and behavior. He is clearly interested in |
| | A) | the cognitive view. |
| | B) | the epigenetic view. |
| | C) | the social-cognitive view. |
| | D) | the bio-evolutionary view. |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
Isabella believes that development occurs in a slow but steady linear pattern. In other words, she believes in __________ in development. |
| | A) | continuity |
| | B) | discontinuity |
| | C) | epigenetic |
| | D) | stages |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
Mimi does research on the effects of genes on aggressive behavior. She believes that genes, not TV or parenting, are the primary reasons that people are aggressive. She is showing a strong belief in |
| | A) | nature. |
| | B) | nurture. |
| | C) | epigenisis. |
| | D) | empiricists. |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
Matt does research on the effects of TV and video games on aggressive behavior. He believes that TV and parenting, not genes, are the primary reasons that people are aggressive. His belief demonstrates the role of |
| | A) | nature. |
| | B) | nurture. |
| | C) | epigenisis. |
| | D) | empiricists. |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
Joe does research on intelligence. He believes that you are either born with it or not. In other words, you are either born with the capability to be intelligent or you lack the ability. His belief demonstrates the role of |
| | A) | nature. |
| | B) | nurture. |
| | C) | epigenisis. |
| | D) | empiricists. |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
Genes are related to __________, while parenting styles are good examples of __________. |
| | A) | nurture; nature |
| | B) | nature; nurture |
| | C) | environmental; biological |
| | D) | biologically secondary; biologically primary |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
The belief that development occurs in a slow steady pattern illustrates the ____ theory of development; theories that argue for abrupt changes are a ____ pattern of development. |
| | A) | discontinuity; continuity |
| | B) | continuity; discontinuity |
| | C) | chaotic; linear |
| | D) | biologically primary; biologically secondary |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
Sora believes that SUV drivers display more "bullying" behaviors than car drivers. This prediction is a |
| | A) | theory. |
| | B) | hypothesis. |
| | C) | anecdote. |
| | D) | experimental variable. |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
Jolon is interested in testing his belief that drivers of different types of vehicles (cars, SUVs, and pick-up trucks) demonstrate different driving patterns. He designs a study to test this. He is using |
| | A) | descriptive statistics. |
| | B) | manipulative statistics. |
| | C) | scientific method. |
| | D) | naturalistic observation. |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
Malik has been looking at research on shark attacks and finds a strong correlation between shark attacks and ice cream cones. This is most likely what kind of study? |
| | A) | descriptive study |
| | B) | manipulative study |
| | C) | non-transitional study |
| | D) | naturalistic study |
|
|
|
| 21 | |
Kari works for the department of education. She found that a first grader's intelligence is related to the number of books in the family's home. A politician learns of her research and wants to send all the kids in his district thirty books on their second birthday. He is sure that they will all become "smarter". Unfortunately, this is erroneous thinking because |
| | A) | this is a naturalistic study and those are prone to errors. |
| | B) | parents have to read to make kids smart. |
| | C) | correlation does not necessarily imply causation. |
| | D) | they would need more than thirty books in order to increase their intelligence.. |
|
|
|
| 22 | |
Jane Goodall is well known for her work with chimpanzees, both as a researcher who spent years observing them in the wild and as a conservationist. Her research demonstrates what kind of study? |
| | A) | descriptive study |
| | B) | manipulative study |
| | C) | non-transitional study |
| | D) | naturalistic study |
|
|
|
| 23 | |
When your research involves gathering information without any manipulation, it is a __________ study; when it involves manipulating a variable to observe its effects on another variable, it is a __________ study. |
| | A) | manipulative; descriptive |
| | B) | manipulative; naturalistic |
| | C) | descriptive; manipulative |
| | D) | naturalistic; descriptive |
|
|
|
| 24 | |
Time variable designs include all of the following EXCEPT: |
| | A) | one-time, one-group studies. |
| | B) | multi-time, mixed-group studies. |
| | C) | cross-sectional studies. |
| | D) | longitudinal studies. |
|
|
|
| 25 | |
Tai organizes a group of 5-year-olds, a group of 6-year-olds, and a group of 7-year-olds. He tests each group on the same measures so that he can look at the development of conservation in preoperational children. This type of study is a |
| | A) | one-time, one-group design. |
| | B) | sequential design. |
| | C) | cross-sectional design. |
| | D) | longitudinal design. |
|
|
|
| 26 | |
Age __________ are a group of people born about the same time as each other (for example, people who were young children in the depression era). |
| | A) | states |
| | B) | traits |
| | C) | cohorts |
| | D) | similarities |
|
|
|
| 27 | |
Longitudinal designs provide information about developmental __________, while cross sectional data provides information about developmental __________. |
| | A) | changes; differences |
| | B) | differences; changes |
| | C) | cohorts; time of measurement effects |
| | D) | time of measurement effects; cohorts |
|
|
|
| 28 | |
Chaska performs a study on the effects of smoking in the family home on children's health. She follows a group of infants with smoking parents from birth to forty years of age, routinely getting health data on the child and asking about smoking habits. This type of study is a |
| | A) | one-time, one-group design. |
| | B) | sequential design. |
| | C) | cross-sectional design. |
| | D) | longitudinal design. |
|
|
|
| 29 | |
Shanthi is reading a research article on the development of object permanence. She gets to the section that covers the statistical analysis of the research. What part of the article is she on? |
| | A) | introduction |
| | B) | method |
| | C) | results |
| | D) | discussion |
|
|
|
| 30 | |
The __________ part of an APA format research article presents the statistical findings of the present research while the __________ part relates the new findings to previous theories and research. |
| | A) | results; introduction |
| | B) | discussion; introduction |
| | C) | results; discussion |
| | D) | discussion; method |
|
|
|
| 31 | |
Theresa is working on writing up her research for publication. She is at the section where she describes why she thinks she found what she did. What section of the paper is she writing? |
| | A) | introduction |
| | B) | method |
| | C) | results |
| | D) | discussion |
|
|
|
| 32 | |
Simone is working on writing up her research for publication. She is currently working in the part of the paper where she provides a "recipe," if you will, for the study. She reveals who her subjects were and what she did with them. What section of the paper is she writing? |
| | A) | introduction |
| | B) | method |
| | C) | results |
| | D) | discussion |
|
|
|
| 33 | |
Much research in development is descriptive because |
| | A) | it would be unethical to do a manipulative study in many circumstances. |
| | B) | it is more expensive to perform than naturalistic or blind studies. |
| | C) | it gives you a much better answer to your research question. |
| | D) | it is harder and thus peers think better of you for doing that kind of research. |
|
|
|
| 34 | |
Dr. Phil is interested in the effects of maternal drug use on baby's cognitive abilities. Because he is an ethical researcher, Dr. Phil would use what kind of design? |
| | A) | descriptive study |
| | B) | manipulative study |
| | C) | non-transitional study |
| | D) | naturalistic study |
|
|
.