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| 1 | |
Humans have ________ pairs of chromosomes. |
| | A) | 12 |
| | B) | 23 |
| | C) | 46 |
| | D) | 84 |
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| 2 | |
The sex of a zygote is determined by |
| | A) | Dad. |
| | B) | Mom. |
| | C) | eating specific foods. |
| | D) | taking hot showers. |
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| 3 | |
A segment of DNA that directs cells to reproduce and combine is called a |
| | A) | chromosome. |
| | B) | gene. |
| | C) | genome. |
| | D) | genotype. |
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| 4 | |
All of the hereditary information needed to maintain a living organism is called |
| | A) | chromosomes. |
| | B) | genes. |
| | C) | genome. |
| | D) | genotype. |
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| 5 | |
An individual's genetic make up, something that is invisible to the naked eye, is called her |
| | A) | chromosomes. |
| | B) | genes. |
| | C) | phenotype. |
| | D) | genotype. |
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| 6 | |
A person's observable characteristics is his |
| | A) | chromosomes. |
| | B) | genes. |
| | C) | phenotype. |
| | D) | genotype. |
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| 7 | |
Mitosis is to meiosis as |
| | A) | halving is to doubling. |
| | B) | doubling is to halving. |
| | C) | phenotype is to genotype. |
| | D) | genotype is to phenotype. |
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| 8 | |
The process in which the zygote's nucleus, including the chromosomes, duplicates itself and divides is called |
| | A) | meiosis. |
| | B) | mitosis. |
| | C) | mutation. |
| | D) | cell division. |
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| 9 | |
A change in DNA that impacts the arrangement of the genes is called |
| | A) | meiosis. |
| | B) | mitosis. |
| | C) | mutation. |
| | D) | cell division. |
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| 10 | |
A disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, resulting in 47 chromosomes rather than 46, is |
| | A) | Down syndrome. |
| | B) | fragile X syndrome. |
| | C) | Klinefelter syndrome. |
| | D) | Turner syndrome. |
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| 11 | |
A disorder in which a male possesses an XXY pattern rather than the normal XY is |
| | A) | Down syndrome. |
| | B) | fragile X syndrome. |
| | C) | Klinefelter syndrome. |
| | D) | Turner syndrome. |
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| 12 | |
In this disorder, the end of the X chromosome looks ready to break off. |
| | A) | Downs syndrome |
| | B) | fragile X syndrome |
| | C) | Klinefelter syndrome |
| | D) | Turner syndrome |
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| 13 | |
Carson is above average in height for his age and is very aggressive. When he is arrested, his lawyer argues that he is not to blame for his behavior because he has |
| | A) | Downs syndrome. |
| | B) | XXY syndrome. |
| | C) | Klinefelter syndrome. |
| | D) | Turner syndrome. |
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| 14 | |
Julio has language delays, small testes, and minimal body hair. Based on what you've learned about chromosomal disorders, you might think he has |
| | A) | Downs syndrome. |
| | B) | fragile X syndrome. |
| | C) | Klinefelter syndrome |
| | D) | Turner syndrome. |
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| 15 | |
Rosalia has learning delays in speech and communication, but her condition is not as severe as her cousin Rafe's condition. Based on what you've learned about chromosomal disorders, you might think she has |
| | A) | Downs syndrome. |
| | B) | fragile X syndrome. |
| | C) | Klinefelter syndrome. |
| | D) | Turner syndrome. |
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| 16 | |
A disorder that affects Jews of Eastern European origin because they lack an enzyme that breaks down harmful fatty material in the central nervous system is |
| | A) | sickle-cell disease. |
| | B) | Tay-Sachs disease. |
| | C) | cystic fibrosis. |
| | D) | phenylketonuria (PKU). |
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| 17 | |
A chromosomal disorder producing a malfunction of the exocrine glands is |
| | A) | sickle-cell disease. |
| | B) | Tay-Sachs disease. |
| | C) | cystic fibrosis. |
| | D) | phenylketonuria (PKU). |
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| 18 | |
A blood disorder in which red blood cells take on a distorted shape |
| | A) | sickle-cell disease. |
| | B) | Tay-Sachs disease. |
| | C) | cystic fibrosis. |
| | D) | phenylketonuria (PKU). |
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| 19 | |
Vaishali is pregnant when her doctor tells her that tests indicate the baby's developing neural tube has not closed yet. The doctor would be concerned that her fetus might have |
| | A) | spina bifida. |
| | B) | Tay-Sachs disease. |
| | C) | cystic fibrosis. |
| | D) | phenylketonuria (PKU). |
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| 20 | |
When separate sperm fertilize two separate eggs, ________ twins develop. |
| | A) | monozygotic |
| | B) | dizygotic |
| | C) | zygotic |
| | D) | gamete |
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| 21 | |
Many forms of assisted reproduction technologies (ART) are now available. In one of these, sperm and egg are placed in the fallopian tube with the hope that fertilization will occur. This is called |
| | A) | in vitro fertilization (IVF). |
| | B) | intrauterine insemination (IUI). |
| | C) | gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT). |
| | D) | surrogacy. |
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| 22 | |
In one form of assisted reproduction technologies (ART), fertilization occurs "in a dish" and the resulting embryos are then transferred to the woman's uterus. This is called |
| | A) | in vitro fertilization (IVF). |
| | B) | intrauterine insemination (IUI). |
| | C) | gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT). |
| | D) | surrogacy. |
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| 23 | |
Willa and her husband Ethan have been having issues getting pregnant for several years. Dr. Brown suggests a procedure where Ethan's sperm will be injected directly into Willa's uterus. The doctor is recommending that she have |
| | A) | in vitro fertilization (IVF). |
| | B) | intrauterine insemination (IUI). |
| | C) | gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT). |
| | D) | surrogacy. |
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| 24 | |
Juliana has spent over five years trying to conceive with her partner, Adrian. Dr. Bradley suggests a procedure where both sperm and egg are placed in her fallopian tube, hoping that fertilization will occur. He is recommending that she have |
| | A) | in vitro fertilization (IVF). |
| | B) | intrauterine insemination (IUI). |
| | C) | gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT). |
| | D) | surrogacy. |
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| 25 | |
Rochelle and her long time partner, Taylor, would like to have a child using her egg and a sperm donor. Her doctor recommends an external fertilization procedure in which fertilization occurs with help outside the woman's body. This procedure is called |
| | A) | in vitro fertilization (IVF). |
| | B) | intrauterine insemination (IUI). |
| | C) | gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT). |
| | D) | surrogacy. |
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| 26 | |
During the sixth and seventh weeks of pregnancy, the organs are formed. This process is called |
| | A) | zygote. |
| | B) | blastocyst. |
| | C) | organgenesis. |
| | D) | amniotic sac. |
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| 27 | |
Felicia is pregnant. She visits her doctor's office. The doctor performs an ultrasound and shows her the baby's heartbeat for the first time. What stage of prenatal development is she most likely in? |
| | A) | the zygote stage |
| | B) | the blastocyst stage |
| | C) | the embryonic stage |
| | D) | the fetal stage |
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| 28 | |
Within five days after fertilization, humans go from being single-celled organisms to being a cluster of cells. At this point, the developing organism is called a |
| | A) | gamete. |
| | B) | blastocyst. |
| | C) | organgenesis. |
| | D) | amniotic sac. |
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| 29 | |
After three months in the womb, you enter the |
| | A) | zygote stage. |
| | B) | blastocyst stage. |
| | C) | embryonic stage. |
| | D) | fetal stage. |
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| 30 | |
Una is pregnant. She tells her doctor that she feels her baby moving all the time. Her doctor shows her on the ultrasound that the developing organism is sucking, turning its head, and pushing with hands and feet. What stage of prenatal development is Una most likely in? |
| | A) | zygote stage |
| | B) | blastocyst stage |
| | C) | embryonic stage |
| | D) | fetal stage |
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| 31 | |
What kind of prenatal test involves inserting a needle through the woman's abdomen, piercing the amniotic sac, and withdrawing a sample of the amniotic fluid? |
| | A) | ultrasound |
| | B) | amniocentesis |
| | C) | chorionic villi sampling |
| | D) | alpha-fetoprotein test |
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| 32 | |
What kind of prenatal test involves the production of an image that enables a physician to detect structural abnormalities and to confirm fetal viability? |
| | A) | ultrasound |
| | B) | amniocentesis |
| | C) | chorionic villi sampling |
| | D) | alpha-fetoprotein test |
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| 33 | |
What kind of prenatal test involves examining a small section of the embryo's outer layer? |
| | A) | ultrasound |
| | B) | amniocentesis |
| | C) | chorionic villi sampling |
| | D) | alpha-fetoprotein test |
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| 34 | |
Aubrey is getting prenatal testing at her doctor's office. She has a test where the doctor inserts a catheter through the vagina to finger-like projections that reach into the uterine lining, and a small section is suctioned into the tube. What kind of prenatal test has she had? |
| | A) | ultrasound |
| | B) | amniocentesis |
| | C) | chorionic villi sampling |
| | D) | alpha-fetoprotein test |
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| 35 | |
Zoe is getting prenatal testing at Dr. Parker's office. He performs a blood test to look for neural tube problems. What kind of prenatal test has Zoe had? |
| | A) | ultrasound |
| | B) | amniocentesis |
| | C) | chorionic villi sampling |
| | D) | alpha-fetoprotein test |
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| 36 | |
Any environmental agent that cause harm to the embryo or fetus is called a |
| | A) | teratogen. |
| | B) | contaigen. |
| | C) | gametagin. |
| | D) | neurotgin. |
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| 37 | |
A group of diseases that are acquired either before or during birth are called |
| | A) | STDs. |
| | B) | STORCH diseases. |
| | C) | cytomegalovirus. |
| | D) | toxoplasmosis. |
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| 38 | |
Angelique is a pregnant. Dr. Rajan asks her if she has any cats. Most doctors ask this of their patients so they know to look out for ________, a disease linked to cats that pregnant women are prone to. |
| | A) | rubella |
| | B) | syphilis |
| | C) | cytomegalovirus |
| | D) | toxoplasmosis |
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| 39 | |
________, also known as German measles, is caused by a virus. If a pregnant woman contracts (or has had) this disease, it can result in serious birth defects in the child. |
| | A) | Rubella |
| | B) | Syphilis |
| | C) | Cytomegalovirus |
| | D) | Toxoplasmosis |
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| 40 | |
A widespread infection that can cause damage ranging from fetal mental retardation to blindness, deafness, and even death is |
| | A) | rubella. |
| | B) | syphilis. |
| | C) | cytomegalovirus. |
| | D) | toxoplasmosis. |
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| 41 | |
Esmeralda is pregnant. Dr. Patel has decided to perform a C-section because Esmeralda tested positive for ________, a disorder that affects the babies eyes and the nervous system. |
| | A) | rubella |
| | B) | genital herpes |
| | C) | cytomegalovirus |
| | D) | toxoplasmosis |
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| 42 | |
Nayeli has tested positive for syphilis. Her doctor is concerned because syphilis is associated with |
| | A) | CNS damage, damage to eyes, and prematurity. |
| | B) | growth failure, low birth weight, developmental delay, and death from infection. |
| | C) | mental retardation, physical problems, and death. |
| | D) | death, blindness, mental retardation, deafness, and prematurity. |
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| 43 | |
Madison just tested positive for HIV/AIDS. Dr. Bradley is concerned and wants to take steps to ensure her fetus will not be affected, since HIV/AIDS is associated with |
| | A) | CNS damage, damage to eyes, and prematurity. |
| | B) | Growth failure, low birth weight, developmental delay, and death from infection. |
| | C) | Mental retardation, physical problems, and death. |
| | D) | Death, blindness, mental retardation, deafness, and prematurity. |
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| 44 | |
________ is an infection that can be contracted by a child during birth. The child can develop the symptoms during the first week following the birth. The eyes and the nervous system are most susceptible to this disease. |
| | A) | Rubella |
| | B) | Genital Herpes |
| | C) | Cytomegalovirus |
| | D) | HIV |
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| 45 | |
What drug is known to be associated with fetal death as well as physical and mental abnormalities, particularly if taken during the first month? |
| | A) | thalidomide |
| | B) | aspirin |
| | C) | cocaine |
| | D) | alcohol |
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| 46 | |
What drug is known to be associated with a misshapen head, growth retardation and cognitive deficits if taken at any point throughout pregnancy? |
| | A) | thalidomide |
| | B) | aspirin |
| | C) | cocaine |
| | D) | alcohol |
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| 47 | |
What chemical is known to be associated with death, anemia, and mental retardation if there is a certain level of exposure during pregnancy? |
| | A) | lead |
| | B) | diethylstilbestrol (DES) |
| | C) | cigarette smoke |
| | D) | alcohol |
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| 48 | |
What chemical is known to be associated with cancer of the female reproductive system, particularly if exposure occurs between 3 to 20 weeks? |
| | A) | lead |
| | B) | diethylstilbestrol (DES) |
| | C) | cigarette smoke |
| | D) | alcohol |
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| 49 | |
Leilani smoked during her pregnancy. Her doctor cautioned her against this as smoking is associated with an increased risk of |
| | A) | bleeding problems. |
| | B) | death, anemia and mental retardation. |
| | C) | spontaneous abortion and neurological problems. |
| | D) | prematurity and lung problems. |
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| 50 | |
Vivianne is pregnant and lives in an old house that just tested positive for lead paint. Her doctor is concerned because lead exposure is associated with |
| | A) | bleeding problems. |
| | B) | death, anemia and mental retardation. |
| | C) | spontaneous abortion and neurological problems. |
| | D) | prematurity and lung problems. |
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| 51 | |
Whereas ________ leads to in increased risk of cancer, ________ leads to physical and mental abnormalities in children that have been exposed to it in uteri. |
| | A) | lead; DES |
| | B) | DES; Thalidomide |
| | C) | Thalidomide; DES |
| | D) | DEET; DES |
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