Physical Science, New York Edition

Chapter 18: Radioactivity and Nuclear Reactions

Standardized Test Practice

1.
If a radioactive material has a half-life of 15 y, what fraction of the material will remain after 30 y?
A)one-eighth
B)one-half
C)one-fourth
D)one-third
2.
Which of the follow statements is not true about all the isotopes of an element?
A)They have a different number of protons.
B)They have the same mass number.
C)They have the same number of electrons.
D)They have a different number of neutrons.
3.
How does the alpha decay of a nucleus cause the nucleus to change?
A)Only the number of protons decreases.
B)Only the number of neutrons decreases.
C)The number of neutrons and the number of protons decrease.
D)The number of protons increases and the number of neutrons decreases.
4.
What does this illustration represent?

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A)a hydrogen nucleus and a helium nucleus
B)two hydrogen nuclei
C)two helium nuclei
D)two helium atoms
5.
Which is a true statement about the two nuclei?

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A)They have the same atomic number.
B)They are not isotopes of the same element.
C)They have a different charge.
D)Their atomic numbers are 3 and 4.
6.
The mass number of a nucleus is equal to _______.
A)the number of protons plus the number of neutrons
B)the number of electrons
C)the number of protons
D)the number of neutrons
7.
What type of nuclear decay is represented in this illustration?

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A)beta decay
B)gamma radiation
C)alpha decay
D)nuclear fusion
8.
Which of these is a true statement about the products of the decay compared to polonium-210?

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A)The charges are equal but the mass numbers are not equal.
B)The mass numbers are equal but the charges are not equal.
C)The mass numbers and charges are equal.
D)Neither the mass numbers nor the charges are equal
9.
The radioactive isotopes of which element are used to determine the age of archaeological artifacts?
A)iodine
B)carbon
C)lead
D)zinc
10.
Which of the following is required to produce power in a nuclear power plant?
A)alpha decay
B)chain reaction
C)lead
D)nuclear fusion
Physical Science - New York Edition
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