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1 | |
__________________ refers to something new, new things, and to new ways of behaving and interacting with things. |
| | A) | Adoption |
| | B) | Diffusion |
| | C) | Innovation |
| | D) | Trends |
| | E) | Testing |
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2 | |
Being the first firm to market a product successfully in an emerging market often leads to what is called the _____________________. |
| | A) | Relative advantage |
| | B) | Pioneering advantage |
| | C) | Comparative advantage |
| | D) | Success advantage |
| | E) | Win-Win advantage |
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3 | |
The __________________ of an innovation refers to the extent to which the innovation is consistent with present needs, motives, values, beliefs, and behaviors. |
| | A) | complexity |
| | B) | adoption process |
| | C) | consumption paradigms |
| | D) | compatibility |
| | E) | dynamics |
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4 | |
_______________________ or consumers' ability to try out an innovation without incurring risk to valued resources (financial, esteem, status, time, information), is another factor critical to successful diffusion of innovations. |
| | A) | Trialability |
| | B) | Observability |
| | C) | Complexity |
| | D) | Plausibility |
| | E) | Liability |
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5 | |
The ________________ refers to the spread of an innovation from its creative source across space and time. |
| | A) | flow process |
| | B) | diffusion process |
| | C) | distribution process |
| | D) | channeling process |
| | E) | word-of-mouth process |
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6 | |
By ___________________, we mean a preference for existing, familiar products, and behaviors over novel ones. |
| | A) | continuous innovations |
| | B) | discontinuance |
| | C) | innovation resistance |
| | D) | discontinuous innovations |
| | E) | dynamically continuous innovations |
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7 | |
The notion of _________________________ reflects the human desire for balance, order, and consistency between beliefs and behaviors. |
| | A) | social equilibrium |
| | B) | pro-innovation bias |
| | C) | neighborhood effect |
| | D) | psychological equilibrium |
| | E) | discontinuence |
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8 | |
By ______________________ we mean we mean that the consumer stops purchasing or using the product. |
| | A) | bandwagon effects |
| | B) | consumption paradigms |
| | C) | multi-step media flow |
| | D) | discontinuance |
| | E) | cultural production system |
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9 | |
The rate of new-product introduction is also influenced by factors such as ___________________, the distribution and number of consumers who desire and can afford a product. |
| | A) | positive externality |
| | B) | demand density |
| | C) | psychological equilibrium |
| | D) | social equilibrium |
| | E) | technological visability |
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10 | |
According to the _________________________ status rivalry between social groups acts as a kind of engine or motive force for innovation. |
| | A) | two-step flow model |
| | B) | diffusion of innovation theory |
| | C) | trickle-down theory of innovation |
| | D) | differentiation and embrace model |
| | E) | simultaneous adoption theory |
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11 | |
A ________________________ is a set of individuals and organizations responsible for creating and marketing culturally significant products. |
| | A) | cultural production system |
| | B) | creative subsystem |
| | C) | communication subsystem |
| | D) | two-step flow model |
| | E) | managerial subsystem |
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12 | |
The _____________________ focuses on the stages individual consumers or organizational buying units pass through in making a decision to accept or reject an innovation. |
| | A) | discontinuous innovation |
| | B) | consumption paradigm |
| | C) | product complementarity |
| | D) | adoption process |
| | E) | theory of reasoned action |
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13 | |
_________________ are users whose current needs become general in a market in the future. |
| | A) | Laggards |
| | B) | Adopters |
| | C) | Innovators |
| | D) | Lead users |
| | E) | Early adopters |
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14 | |
Early adopters typically constitute between ________________ of adopters. |
| | A) | 5 - 10 % |
| | B) | 10 - 20 % |
| | C) | 15 - 20 % |
| | D) | 20 - 25 % |
| | E) | 25 - 30 % |
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15 | |
The ________________ is often characterized as deliberative decision-makers. |
| | A) | later majority |
| | B) | laggards |
| | C) | early majority |
| | D) | innovators |
| | E) | adopters |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education