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1 | |
According to the ___________________________, within any given consumption choice situation, abstract values affect midrange attitudes that lead to specific consumer behaviors. |
| | A) | Hofstede's worker values |
| | B) | Rokeach Value Survey |
| | C) | value-attitude-behavior hierarchy |
| | D) | List of values |
| | E) | urban legends |
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2 | |
The ____________________________ identifies a set of 18 terminal values, or desired end states, and instrumental values, or desirable actions. |
| | A) | List of Values |
| | B) | Rokeach Value Survey |
| | C) | Hofstede's worker values |
| | D) | Diderot effect |
| | E) | none of the above |
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3 | |
The belief that one's own system of tastes and preferences is better than that of another cultural groups is known as _______________________________. |
| | A) | consumer ethnocentrism |
| | B) | conspicuous consumption |
| | C) | core symbols |
| | D) | enculturation |
| | E) | possession rituals |
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4 | |
Stories passed by word of mouth that purport to be nearly firsthand accounts of real events but are fictitious are known as _______________. |
| | A) | myths |
| | B) | acculturation |
| | C) | urban legends |
| | D) | culture stories |
| | E) | family heritage |
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5 | |
Culture is well reflected in __________________, symbols that are emotionally powerful and that contain multiple meanings. |
| | A) | cultural symbols |
| | B) | core symbols |
| | C) | exchange rituals |
| | D) | behavioral symbols |
| | E) | none of the above |
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6 | |
_______________________ is the acquisition and visible display of luxury goods and services to demonstrate one's ability to afford them. |
| | A) | Rites of passage |
| | B) | Possession rituals |
| | C) | Instrumental values |
| | D) | Conspicuous consumption |
| | E) | Divestment rituals |
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7 | |
As a response to criticisms of RVS, researchers at the University of Michigan Survey Research Center developed an alternative _____________________ measure. |
| | A) | Lists of Values |
| | B) | Instrumental Values |
| | C) | Terminal Values |
| | D) | Worker-Values |
| | E) | Urban Values |
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8 | |
People undertake ______________________ when products move from the marketplace to the home or workplace where they are consumed. |
| | A) | grooming rituals |
| | B) | possession rituals |
| | C) | divestment rituals |
| | D) | exchange rituals |
| | E) | cultural rituals |
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9 | |
__________________ tend to be private behaviors that aid in the transition form private to public self and back again. |
| | A) | cultural rituals |
| | B) | divestment rituals |
| | C) | grooming rituals |
| | D) | possession rituals |
| | E) | exchange rituals |
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10 | |
Learning a new foreign culture through direct or indirect experience of others is known as _____________________. |
| | A) | globalization |
| | B) | exchange rituals |
| | C) | consumer ethnocentrism |
| | D) | acculturation |
| | E) | none of the above |
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11 | |
_________________ are objects that represent beliefs and values. |
| | A) | Cultural categories |
| | B) | Cultural symbols |
| | C) | Cultural rituals |
| | D) | Cultural dynamics |
| | E) | Cultural norms |
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12 | |
The _______________ is the force that encourages an individual to maintain a cultural consistency in his/her complement of consumer goods. |
| | A) | Protestant work ethic |
| | B) | Hofsteds's worker values |
| | C) | LOVs |
| | D) | Diderot effect |
| | E) | RVS |
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13 | |
Cultures are __________________, meaning that they influence and are influenced by changes in their environment. |
| | A) | open systems |
| | B) | multi-cultural |
| | C) | behavioral franchises |
| | D) | materialistic behaviorally |
| | E) | internationalized |
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14 | |
___________________ occur when consumers relinquish possession of objects. |
| | A) | Grooming rituals |
| | B) | Exchange rituals |
| | C) | Possession rituals |
| | D) | Divestment rituals |
| | E) | Cultural rituals |
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15 | |
Cultural boundaries are formalized through social institutions that levy sanctions (or punishments) and provide rewards to encourage us to conform to expected ___________________. |
| | A) | national behaviors |
| | B) | patriotic issues |
| | C) | multi-national influences |
| | D) | cultural behaviors |
| | E) | none of the above |
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16 | |
Fill in the Blank: |
| | A) | 1. The authors define _________________ as whatever one has to know or believe in order to operate in a manner acceptable to its members. |
| | B) | culture |
| | C) | norms |
| | D) | beliefs |
| | E) | myths |
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17 | |
___________________________ are the values, norms, and beliefs that allow things to be grouped into cultural categories, ranked, and interrelated. |
| | A) | Cultural categories |
| | B) | Cultural rituals |
| | C) | Cultural principles |
| | D) | Cultural myths |
| | E) | Cultural symbols |
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18 | |
Blueprints for action and interpretation are constructed by culture from two basic elements. First is through __________________, which organize time, space, nature, and the human community. |
| | A) | cultural principles |
| | B) | cultural categories |
| | C) | creolization |
| | D) | enculturation |
| | E) | cultural symbols |
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19 | |
__________________________ is a terminal value defined as the importance a consumer attaches to worldly possessions, or as a consumption-based orientation to happiness seeking. |
| | A) | Conspicuous consumption |
| | B) | Diderot effect |
| | C) | Materialism |
| | D) | Possession rituals |
| | E) | Disposition rituals |
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20 | |
___________________ are shared beliefs about how people should behave. |
| | A) | Instrumental values |
| | B) | Terminal values |
| | C) | Rites of passage |
| | D) | List of Values |
| | E) | Value-attitude-behavior hierarchy |
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21 | |
A difference in cultural values can result in a difference in preferred consumption patterns. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | |
Values and norms help to determine perceptual and cognitive principles that, in turn, influence people's attitudes toward marketing offerings and consumption practice. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | |
Culture consists of shared blueprints or schemas both for action and for understanding. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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24 | |
Language does not have a significant influence on our blueprints for action and interpretation. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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25 | |
When consumer goods show a distinction between two cultural categories, they don't necessarily express the cultural principles that distinguish the categories. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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26 | |
Clothing, like other publicly consumed products, is valuable in separating cultural categories of time, space, gender, ethnicity, and class. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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27 | |
Cultural variability often leads to the development of differences in consumer lifestyles within and across city boarders. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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28 | |
Critics argue that values such as RVS, LOVS, or Hofstede's are too abstract to provide much help in understanding particular consumption patterns. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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29 | |
Understanding myths is not important for a marketer in creating successful media products, and they don't play a role in building the image of a company and products. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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30 | |
Consumers use goods in many transitional or developing societies to symbolize "modernity" or their ability to participate in global consumer society. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education