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Multiple Choice Quiz

1
Evolution is measured by changes in ______ over time.
A)alleles
B)allele frequency
C)phenotypes
D)populations
2
What has resulted in enormous genetic variability in the U.S. population?
A)Mutations
B)Genetic drift
C)Migration
D)Inbreeding
3
What are the changes in the nucleotide base sequences in the DNA?
A)Disruptive selection
B)Exaptations
C)Adaptations
D)Mutations
4
What does the Hardy-Weinberg equation calculate?
A)The frequency of alleles over generational time
B)The probability that a trait will appear more frequently in future generations
C)The precise locus for a specific trait
D)All of the above
5
Which type of gene flow allows reduces variation?
A)Migration
B)Negative assortative mating
C)Positive assortative mating
D)Outbreeding
6
What is the evolutionary process in which a small group of individuals account for all of the genetic variation in a large population?
A)Founder effect
B)Bottleneck effect
C)Genetic drift
D)Gene flow
7
Which of the following interacts most with the environment?
A)DNA
B)Alleles
C)Genotype
D)Phenotype
8
Feathers arose to help early birds maintain their body temperatures. Over time, certain feathers began to function as flight aids. What are flight feathers an example of?
A)Convergence
B)Mutation
C)Adaptation
D)Exaptation
9
Which type of natural selection reduces variation in a trait over time?
A)Stabilizing selection
B)Directional selection
C)Disruptive selection
D)Consistent selection
10
"A group of interbreeding natural populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups" is a definition for:
A)Subspecies
B)Biological species
C)Paleospecies
D)Inbreeding
11
What is the process by which new species arise?
A)Natural selection
B)Speciation
C)Genetic drift
D)Mutation
12
What is the slow accumulation of small changes in populations such that over time enough change has occurred to result in a speciation event?
A)Convergent evolution
B)Natural selection
C)Phyletic gradualism
D)Punctuated equilibrium
13
Birds, butterflies, and bats all have functionally similar structures: wings. What is this an example of?
A)Convergent evolution
B)Parallel evolution
C)Punctuated equilibrium
D)Allopatric speciation
14
Why does diversity in organisms occur?
A)Mutations
B)Natural selection
C)Environments change over time
D)All of the above
15
Which of the following is NOT a reason that humans should be concerned with biological variation?
A)Organisms can have similar characteristics as a result of either convergent or parallel evolution.
B)Humans are part of and rely on earth's large and dynamic global ecosystem.
C)The human species is numerous, widespread, and includes many variations with the potential for adaptive change.
D)Only diverse biological communities sustain environmental challenges.





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