The following practice exam will help you review the key terms, concepts, and ideas discussed in this chapter.

1			Most police work involves
			A)	enforcing the law.
			B)	apprehending criminals.
			C)	keeping the peace.
			D)	directing traffic.
2			Police organizations are structured along a ____________ model.
			A)	line service
			B)	departmental
			C)	linear
			D)	bureaucratic
3			Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding police?
			A)	Police procedures are explicit and comprehensive regarding how to handle various domestic situations
			B)	Observers of police activity agree that many police rules and regulations are essentially useless and are for the most part unenforceable.
			C)	The police process demands compliance with departmental regulations as well as vigorous law enforcement, and these demands are sometimes in conflict.
			D)	What the officer must do depends more often on the nuances of the situation than on any regulation or published procedure.
4			Which of the following is true about police regulations?
			A)	They are often sacrificed to make a "good" arrest.
			B)	They are generally impossible to enforce.
			C)	They are often too vague to cover actual street situations.
			D)	All of the above.
5			The most visible and primary parts of policing are
			A)	the line of services.
			B)	the staff services.
			C)	the auxiliary services.
			D)	the special services.
6			Police administrative services include
			A)	patrol and domestic intervention.
			B)	legal matters.
			C)	data processing and payroll.
			D)	internal investigations.
7			____________ is the most basic aspect of police work.
			A)	Patrol
			B)	Order maintenance
			C)	Adherence to regulations
			D)	Discretion
8			In a study conduced by the Police Foundation in 1972-73, three different levels of preventive patrol in Kansas City were closely compared. "Normal" patrols involved a single car cruising the streets when not responding to calls; "proactive" patrols involved doubling or tripling the number of cruising cars; "reactive" patrols involved eliminating police cruisers altogether, with police entering the areas designated for study only in response to specific requests. The results of the Kansas City experiment showed that
			A)	"proactive" patrols were most effective in reducing crime.
			B)	"normal" patrols were most effective in reducing crime.
			C)	"proactive" and "normal" patrols were equally effective, yet crime increased where "reactive patrols were used.
			D)	there were no differences in effectiveness regardless of the kind of patrol.
9			Which of the following is not true of foot patrol?
			A)	Foot patrol reduces crime.
			B)	Foot patrol reduces citizen fear.
			C)	Foot patrol increases police job satisfaction.
			D)	Foot patrol reduces calls for services.
10			Which of the following is most true of detectives?
			A)	They investigate almost all serious crimes and make proportionately more arrests.
			B)	They investigate almost all serious crimes and make proportionately few arrests.
			C)	They investigate only a few select serious crimes and make arrests for most of them.
			D)	They investigate only a few serious crimes and make few arrests.
11			A crime is considered "cleared" when
			A)	a detective is assigned to investigate it.
			B)	a detective completes an investigation.
			C)	an arrest is made.
			D)	the suspect has been convicted.
12			"Multiple clearance" occurs when
			A)	a conspiracy arrest occurs.
			B)	two or more individuals are arrested for single crime.
			C)	the arrest of one person results in the clearing of numerous other crimes.
			D)	one member of a gang is arrested for an act performed by the entire gang.
13			____________ is a formal declaration that certain crimes previously thought to have occurred never actually happened.
			A)	Reclassification
			B)	Reduction
			C)	Defounding
			D)	Unfounding
14			Blending includes
			A)	patrol and detective units working together to solve special cases.
			B)	police posing as ordinary citizens to observe and intervene if a crime occurs.
			C)	the socialization of police officers into the police subculture.
			D)	all of the above.
15			In ____________ operations, nonuniformed police officers pose as high risk victims.
			A)	blending
			B)	decoy
			C)	entrapment
			D)	tactical patrol
16			"Sting" operations involve the use of various undercover methods to
			A)	identify corrupt politicians.
			B)	apprehend drug traffickers.
			C)	entrap dishonest police officers.
			D)	control large-scale theft.
17			Police discretion exists
			A)	only in large urban departments with complex bureaucratic structures.
			B)	primarily in rural sheriffs' departments where supervision of officers in the field is impossible.
			C)	whenever an officer or police agency is free to choose among various alternatives.
			D)	particularly in those circumstances where the facts of the situation are so clear- cut that only one course of action is possible.
18			A police officer may decide not to arrest when
			A)	the offense is trivial.
			B)	the victim is a party to the offense.
			C)	an arrest would cause undue harm to the offender.
			D)	all of the above.
19			A subculture is
			A)	an organization or group of individuals that represents only a small part of the dominant culture.
			B)	a body of rules descriptive of the norms of the wider society.
			C)	the normative system of a particular group that is smaller than and essentially different from the dominant culture.
			D)	the style of life of a group newly assimilated into a larger society.
20			The two elements of the police role that serve to shape the "working personality" of police are
			A)	boredom and routine.
			B)	militarism and conservatism.
			C)	suspicion and fear.
			D)	danger and authority.
21			Recent studies suggest that the cynicism and authoritarianism manifested by many police officers are due to
			A)	the type of persons policing attracts.
			B)	the nature of police socialization.
			C)	the lack of a uniform command structure.
			D)	the lack of police professionalization.
22			____________ refers to the notion that all people are motivated by evil and selfishness.
			A)	Police ambivalence.
			B)	Police paranoia.
			C)	Police cynicism.
			D)	Police solidarity.
23			The greatest number of assaults on police officers occur while they are
			A)	investigating felonies.
			B)	arresting felony criminals.
			C)	responding to "disturbance calls."
			D)	engaging in riot and crowd control.
24			The police role is separate from that of the private citizen because the police
			A)	cannot file civil suits.
			B)	have the legitimate right to use force.
			C)	spend most of their time making arrests for Index crimes.
			D)	are members of a bureaucratic organization.
25			The ____________ components of police organizations provide support for the ____________ services of policing, which include such activities as patrol and investigation.
			A)	administrative, line
			B)	line, auxiliary
			C)	auxiliary, internal
			D)	investigative, line
26			The first interpretation of whether a law has been violated is
			A)	a matter for which there are strict procedures to follow and little discretion.
			B)	usually made by patrol officers.
			C)	the job of detectives in the investigative division.
			D)	made by the patrol officer's supervisor in most cases.