Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology (Shier), 12th Edition

Learning Outcome 15.5

1			The apical heartbeat in an adult is best heard at the level of the _____.
			A)	diaphragm
			B)	first rib
			C)	fifth intercostal space
			D)	seventh intercostal space

Learning Outcome 15.2

2			The membrane closest to the heart muscle is the _____.
			A)	fibrous pericardium
			B)	visceral pericardium
			C)	parietal pericardium
			D)	peritoneum

Learning Outcome 15.2

3			What is a prominent symptom of pericarditis?
			A)	increase in blood pressure
			B)	an irregular heart beat
			C)	severe chest pain
			D)	high fever

Learning Outcome 15.3

4			Which part of the heart is usually damaged by scarlet fever or syphilis?
			A)	pericardium
			B)	myocardium
			C)	epicardium
			D)	endocardium

Learning Outcome 15.4

5			The atria will empty during ______.
			A)	atrial diastole
			B)	atrial systole
			C)	ventricular diastole
			D)	ventricular systole

Learning Outcome 15.5

6			The first heart sound results when the _____.
			A)	ventricle contracts
			B)	semilunar valves close
			C)	A-V valves close
			D)	atria contract

Learning Outcome 15.3

7			A stethoscope placed at the tip of the sternum will best be able to detect which sound?
			A)	tricuspid valve
			B)	bicuspid valve
			C)	aortic
			D)	pulmonary

Learning Outcome 15.5

8			Which fiber system is the first to depolarize in a cardiac cycle?
			A)	atrioventricular node
			B)	sinoatrial node
			C)	bundle of His
			D)	Purkinje fibers

Learning Outcome 15.5

9			Which chamber of the heart contains the pacemaker?
			A)	right ventricle
			B)	right atrium
			C)	left ventricle
			D)	left atrium

Learning Outcome 15.10

10			The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle each minute is calculated from which formula?
			A)	heart rate + stroke volume
			B)	heart rate x stroke volume
			C)	heart rate divided by stroke volume
			D)	heart rate - stroke volume

Learning Outcome 15.10

11			The three factors that contribute to arterial blood pressure are cardiac output, blood volume, and _____.
			A)	viscosity
			B)	resistance
			C)	valves
			D)	heart rate

Learning Outcome 15.10

12			The central venous pressure is the pressure in the _____.
			A)	superior vena cava
			B)	right atrium
			C)	left atrium
			D)	jugular veins

Learning Outcome 15.13

13			Which are the first vessels to branch off the aorta?
			A)	right subclavian
			B)	left subclavian
			C)	brachiocephalic
			D)	coronary arteries

Learning Outcome 15.13

14			The three arteries that arise from the aortic arch are the left subclavian, left common carotid, and _____.
			A)	right subclavian
			B)	right common carotid
			C)	brachiocephalic
			D)	celiac

Learning Outcome 15.13

15			The left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries come from the _____.
			A)	superior mesenteric
			B)	celiac
			C)	splanchnic
			D)	inferior mesenteric

Learning Outcome 15.4

16			Freshly oxygenated blood enters the heart through the ______________, and is pumped out the _____________.
			A)	right atrium; aorta
			B)	left atrium; aorta
			C)	right ventricle; pulmonary arteries
			D)	left ventricle; pulmonary arteries

Learning Outcome 15.4

17			Someone suffering a heart attack in his anterior lower right ventricle probably had a blockage in which coronary artery?
			A)	anterior interventricular artery
			B)	circumflex artery
			C)	posterior interventricular artery
			D)	marginal artery

Learning Outcome 15.5

18			When do the AV valves close during the cardiac cycle?
			A)	when pressure inside the ventricles is at its lowest
			B)	when pressure inside the atria is greater than that inside the ventricles
			C)	when ventricular pressure exceeds that of the atria
			D)	when pressure is greater in the aorta than in the left ventricle

Learning Outcome 15.5

19			How does the impulse to contract slow down slightly before it is transferred into the ventricles?
			A)	It makes a detour and travels to the brain and back.
			B)	There is a parasympathetic brake on the AV node.
			C)	Junctional fibers leading into the AV node have very small diameters.
			D)	The skeleton of the heart prevents the impulse from being transmitted rapidly.

Learning Outcome 15.6

20			What does the electrocardiogram (ECG) QRS wave indicate is happening in the heart?
			A)	The atria are depolarizing.
			B)	The ventricles are depolarizing while the atria repolarize.
			C)	The ventricles are repolarizing.
			D)	The heart is at rest.

Learning Outcome 15.3

21			The atrioventricular sulcus separates the _____.
			A)	atria and ventricle areas
			B)	right from left ventricle
			C)	right atrium from right ventricle
			D)	right from left atrium

Learning Outcome 15.4

22			Blood from the cardiac muscle itself drains into the _____.
			A)	superior vena cava
			B)	left ventricles
			C)	right ventricle
			D)	coronary sinus

Learning Outcome 15.4

23			Mitral valve prolapse is a condition which causes blood to back flow into the _____.
			A)	right atrium
			B)	right ventricle
			C)	left atrium
			D)	left ventricle

Learning Outcome 15.3

24			Which of the following contains blood with relatively high oxygen content?
			A)	left ventricle
			B)	right ventricle
			C)	right atrium
			D)	superior vena cava

Learning Outcome 15.3

25			Which of the following contains blood with relatively low oxygen content?
			A)	left ventricle
			B)	aorta
			C)	pulmonary vein
			D)	pulmonary artery

Learning Outcome 15.4

26			Which of the following does NOT belong with the others?
			A)	right coronary artery
			B)	left coronary artery
			C)	circumflex artery
			D)	anterior interventricular artery

Learning Outcome 15.1

27			Which term indicates that tissue in the heart has died?
			A)	coronary thrombosis
			B)	angina pectoris
			C)	ischemia
			D)	infarction

Learning Outcome 15.1

28			Which term refers to the severe chest pain evident during an attack of myocardial ischemia?
			A)	hypoxia
			B)	infarction
			C)	angina
			D)	diaphoresis

Learning Outcome 15.4

29			When does blood flow into the coronary arteries?
			A)	during ventricular contraction
			B)	during atrial contraction
			C)	when the heart is at rest
			D)	during ventricular relaxation

Learning Outcome 15.4

30			About _____% of the atrial blood flows into the ventricles before the atria contract.
			A)	10
			B)	70
			C)	50
			D)	30

Learning Outcome 15.5

31			The _____ allows the atria to communicate with the ventricles.
			A)	SA node
			B)	A-V bundle
			C)	A-V node
			D)	Purkinje fibers

Learning Outcome 15.5

32			Which part of the heart is the last to become excited during a cardiac cycle?
			A)	apex
			B)	atria
			C)	ventricular septum
			D)	superior ventricular region

Learning Outcome 15.5

33			Which area allows the atria to completely empty as the ventricles fill with blood?
			A)	A-V node
			B)	A-V bundle
			C)	S-A node
			D)	Purkinje fibers

Learning Outcome 15.5

34			The cardiac reflex control centers are located within the _____.
			A)	hypothalamus
			B)	medulla oblongata
			C)	aorta
			D)	heart

Learning Outcome 15.5

35			The baroreceptors located in the _____ respond to stretching by slowing the rate of the heart.
			A)	medulla
			B)	aortic arch
			C)	jugular vein
			D)	heart

Learning Outcome 15.7

36			The purpose of the medullary cardiac centers is to _____.
			A)	increase heart rate
			B)	decrease heart rate
			C)	maintain heart rate
			D)	maintain blood pressure

Learning Outcome 15.7

37			The increase in heart rate caused by seeing a wild dog run after you is probably the result of the _____.
			A)	medullary accelerator center
			B)	hypothalamus
			C)	sympathetic nerves
			D)	increase in blood pressure

Learning Outcome 15.5

38			Where does the repolarization of the atria occur?
			A)	P wave
			B)	QRS complex
			C)	T wave
			D)	U wave

Learning Outcome 15.5

39			The time taken for an impulse to travel from the S-A to the A-V node is evidenced in the _____.
			A)	QRS complex
			B)	S-T interval
			C)	P-Q interval
			D)	QRS-T interval

Learning Outcome 15.5

40			The most serious and life threatening arrhythmia of the heart is _____.
			A)	tachycardia
			B)	bradycardia
			C)	flutter
			D)	fibrillation

Learning Outcome 15.8

41			The _____ layer of an artery contains the greatest amount of smooth muscle.
			A)	endothelium
			B)	tunica intima
			C)	tunica media
			D)	tunica adventitia

Learning Outcome 15.8

42			Which of the following does NOT have the ability to contract?
			A)	veins
			B)	arteries
			C)	venules
			D)	capillaries

Learning Outcome 15.9

43			Which capillary beds have the greatest permeability?
			A)	liver
			B)	smooth muscle
			C)	pancreas
			D)	heart

Learning Outcome 15.8

44			Which area contains the tightest capillary endothelial junctions?
			A)	spleen
			B)	skeletal muscle
			C)	brain
			D)	thyroid gland

Learning Outcome 15.9

45			Which of these areas totally lack capillaries?
			A)	spinal cord
			B)	cartilage
			C)	dermis
			D)	gall bladder

Learning Outcome 15.11

46			Which factor assists venous return to the heart?
			A)	valves
			B)	inspiration
			C)	skeletal muscle
			D)	all of these

Learning Outcome 15.10

47			The highest pressure exerted by the heart is called the _____.
			A)	systolic pressure
			B)	diastolic pressure
			C)	pulse pressure
			D)	mean arterial pressure

Learning Outcome 15.8

48			The condition called _____ is characterized by some defect or weakness in a vessel wall.
			A)	phlebitis
			B)	aneurysm
			C)	arteriosclerosis
			D)	atherosclerosis

Learning Outcome 15.8

49			The obstructive accumulation of cholesterol in a vessel is the result of _____.
			A)	arteriosclerosis
			B)	phlebitis
			C)	atherosclerosis
			D)	plaque

Learning Outcome 15.13

50			The diaphragm is supplied by the _____ artery.
			A)	phrenic
			B)	suprarenal
			C)	adrenal
			D)	gonadal

Learning Outcome 15.13

51			The following vessels will direct blood to the brain except which one?
			A)	common carotid
			B)	internal carotid
			C)	vertebral
			D)	jugular

Learning Outcome 15.13

52			The brachial artery divides into the radial and _____.
			A)	axillary
			B)	ulnar
			C)	cephalic
			D)	subclavian

Learning Outcome 15.13

53			The _____ will send blood into the femoral artery.
			A)	external iliac
			B)	internal iliac
			C)	pudendal
			D)	popliteal

Learning Outcome 15.13

54			The _____ vein represents a functional connection between the superior and inferior vena cavae.
			A)	thoracic
			B)	azygos
			C)	intercostal
			D)	cephalic

Learning Outcome 15.13

55			The superior mesenteric vein joins the splenic vein to form the _____ vein.
			A)	hepatic
			B)	hepatic portal
			C)	gastric
			D)	inferior mesenteric

Learning Outcome 15.13

56			The longest vein in the body is the _____.
			A)	femoral
			B)	gluteal
			C)	brachial
			D)	saphenous

Learning Outcome 15.6

57			In an ECG, where does the depolarization of the atria occur?
			A)	P wave
			B)	QRS complex
			C)	T wave
			D)	U wave

Learning Outcome 15.2

58			Which layer of the following serves the dual purpose of forming the inner layer of the pericardium and forming the outermost wall of the heart?
			A)	fibrous pericardium
			B)	parietal pericardium
			C)	visceral pericardium
			D)	myocardium

Learning Outcome 15.3

59			The bicuspid valve __________________.
			A)	is located on the left side of the heart
			B)	guards the auricles of the heart
			C)	guards the entrance to the aorta
			D)	guards the entrance to the pulmonary trunk

Learning Outcome 15.13

60			Which artery supplies blood to the ilium and muscles of the lower back?
			A)	aorta
			B)	common iliac artery
			C)	internal iliac artery
			D)	iliolumbar artery

Learning Outcome 15.13

61			A deep wound to the upper thigh might damage the _____________ artery.
			A)	femoral
			B)	popliteal
			C)	anterior tibial
			D)	peroneal

Learning Outcome 15.13

62			Blood is drained from the face, scalp, and superficial regions of the neck by the _______________.
			A)	carotid arteries
			B)	external jugular veins
			C)	internal jugular veins
			D)	brachiocephalic veins

Learning Outcome 15.11

63			A unique venous system, called the ________________, carries blood directly from the intestines to the liver for processing rather than directly into the inferior vena cava.
			A)	hepatic portal system
			B)	superior mesenteric vein
			C)	saphenous vein
			D)	gonadal vein

Learning Outcome 15.3

64			The inability of the left ventricle to pump blood adequately to the body's cells is indicative of ________________.
			A)	an embolus
			B)	cardiac tamponade
			C)	congestive heart failure
			D)	asystole

Learning Outcome 15.3

65			A condition in which there is a congenital predisposition for a ruptured aorta is _____________.
			A)	a metabolic disorder of fatty acid metabolism
			B)	Marfan syndrome
			C)	Niemann-Pick type C disease
			D)	Coronary artery disease

Learning Outcome 15.2

66			Which membrane is closest to the heart muscle?
			A)	pericardial sac
			B)	fibrous pericardium
			C)	parietal pericardium
			D)	visceral pericardium

Learning Outcome 15.3

67			How many openings are there in the right atrium?
			A)	1
			B)	2
			C)	3
			D)	4

Learning Outcome 15.3

68			The _____ valve lies between the right atrium and right ventricle.
			A)	bicuspid
			B)	aortic semilunar
			C)	pulmonary semilunar
			D)	tricuspid

Learning Outcome 15.3

69			The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents a backflow of blood into the _____.
			A)	pulmonary artery
			B)	right ventricle
			C)	left ventricle
			D)	right atrium

Learning Outcome 15.3

70			The aortic semilunar valve prevents blood from returning to the _____.
			A)	left ventricle
			B)	aorta
			C)	right ventricle
			D)	left atrium

Learning Outcome 15.8

71			Which structure contains the lowest amount of oxygen?
			A)	pulmonary vein
			B)	aorta
			C)	vena cava
			D)	left ventricle

Learning Outcome 15.5

72			Cardiac output can be determined by which of the following formulas?
			A)	HR - SV
			B)	HR ÷ by SV
			C)	HR + SV
			D)	HR x SV

Learning Outcome 15.7

73			The central cardiac control region is in the _____ of the brain.
			A)	hypothalamus
			B)	medulla oblongata
			C)	cerebellum
			D)	pons

Learning Outcome 15.6

74			The T wave of an electrocardiogram represents which event?
			A)	ventricular depolarization
			B)	atrial repolarization
			C)	ventricular repolarization
			D)	atrial depolarization

Learning Outcome 15.5

75			A heartbeat of less than 60 beats per minute is called _____.
			A)	tachycardia
			B)	bradycardia
			C)	arrhythmia
			D)	fibrillation

Learning Outcome 15.12

76			The blood in the pulmonary arteries has a relatively high carbon dioxide concentration.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.1

77			Patients complain of diaphoresis, which is difficulty breathing, during a myocardial infarction.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.4

78			The coronary circulation has a rich array of anastomoses between its arteries and veins.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.3

79			Pressure within the atria is greatest when the ventricles are relaxing and the atria are contracting.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.3

80			As the ventricles contract, the pressure in them exceeds the pressure in the atria.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.3

81			A murmur is a heart sound heard when the valves do not close sufficiently.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.3

82			A functional syncytium occurs when one cardiac muscle cell causes the ones around to inhibit their beat.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.7

83			An injection of acetylcholine into the heart could decrease the rate of the heart.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.7

84			The sympathetic nervous system usually has the effect of increasing heart rate.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.6

85			The electrocardiogram tracing is a measurement of the contraction sequences of the heart.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.5

86			Either hyperkalemia or hypokalemia could cause an irregular heart rhythm.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.6

87			An increase in blood calcium or hypercalcemia can cause the heart to increase its pressure and have a prolonged QRS interval.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.7

88			A slow heart rate that is diagnosed as a bradycardia condition always is abnormal and should be treated.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.7

89			The technique called defibrillation is the application of an electric current to the chest wall with the desired effect of directly stabilizing the abnormal heart rhythm.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.10

90			Vasoconstriction of a blood vessel causes an increase in blood pressure.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.8

91			The control of blood flow to a specific area is related to the amount of oxygen present.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.10

92			Normally the hydrostatic pressure of the blood exceeds its osmotic pressure which causes a loss of fluids into the tissue spaces.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.10

93			Ankle edema or ascites is caused by an abnormal increase in blood osmotic pressure.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.10

94			A decrease in stroke volume will cause a drop in blood pressure and a drop in heart rate will also result in a pressure decrease.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.5

95			Starling's law of the heart states that the force of a heart chamber decreases when the chamber is full.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.8

96			A dilation in a vein is called a varicosity.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.10

97			Atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone released from the heart in response to low blood pressure.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.8

98			The vasomotor center in the medulla regulates blood pressure by altering the diameters of blood vessels throughout the body.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.10

99			Hypertension is related to an increased risk for developing a heart attack, stroke or obesity.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.12

100			Pulmonary edema may be caused by damage to the heart that has weakened the left ventricle.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.12

101			The circle of Willis represents an anastomosis of blood vessels supplying the cranial cavity and brain.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.3

102			Most of the average adult heart lies to the left of the midline.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.2

103			Pericardial fluid is serous and allows the heart to beat without friction in the pericardial sac.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.3

104			The right and left sides of the heart are separated by the interventricular septum.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.11

105			Blood in all veins is relatively low in oxygen.
			A)	True
			B)	False

Learning Outcome 15.5

106			When an atrium is in systole the ventricle is in diastole.
			A)	True
			B)	False