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Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology, 4/e

Rod R. Seeley, Idaho State University
Philip Tate, Phoenix College
Trent D. Stephens, Idaho State University

The Chemistry of Life

Feedback Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions


1	The smallest particle of an element that has the chemical characteristics of that element is a (n)
		A)	atom.
		B)	proton.
		C)	neutron.
		D)	electron.
		E)	molecule.


2	The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of
		A)	protons in each atom.
		B)	electrons in each atom.
		C)	neutrons in each atom.
		D)	both a and b


3	Most of the volume of an atom is occupied by
		A)	electrons.
		B)	neutrons.
		C)	protons.


4	The chemical behavior of an atom is determined largely by
		A)	its number of protons.
		B)	its outermost electrons.
		C)	the size of the electron cloud.
		D)	its mass.
		E)	its weight.


5	The symbol Na+ indicates that a sodium atom has
		A)	gained an electron.
		B)	gained a proton.
		C)	gained a neutron.
		D)	lost an electron.
		E)	lost a proton.


6	When Na+ and Cl- are attracted to each other, a(n) _______ bond is formed.
		A)	covalent
		B)	hydrogen
		C)	ionic
		D)	polar covalent


7	The weak attraction between two water molecules is called a(n)
		A)	covalent bond.
		B)	hydrogen bond.
		C)	electrical bond.
		D)	ionic bond.
		E)	polar covalent bond.


8	Which of these is a NOT a compound?
		A)	H20
		B)	H₂
		C)	NaCl
		D)	NO₂
		E)	C₆H₁₂O₆


9	When two or more reactants combine to form a larger, more complex product, the process is called a(n)
		A)	decomposition reaction
		B)	synthesis reaction
		C)	exchange reaction
		D)	reversible reaction


10	In which of these types of reactions does an equilibrium occur?
		A)	decomposition reaction
		B)	synthesis reaction
		C)	exchange reaction
		D)	reversible reaction


11	If the number of hydrogen ions in a solution is increased, the
		A)	solution becomes more acidic.
		B)	solution becomes more alkaline (basic).
		C)	pH of the solution will be increased.
		D)	solution is a buffer.


12	Which of these is NOT an important characteristic of water for living organisms?
		A)	produces CO2 in the body
		B)	cushions and lubricates
		C)	dissolves molecules to allow chemical reactions
		D)	transports molecules
		E)	stabilizes body temperature
		F)	Correct: Water does not produce CO2 in the body.
		G)	Incorrect: Water does serve to cushion and lubricate within organisms.
		H)	Incorrect: Water does dissolve molecules to allow for chemical reactions within organisms.
		I)	Incorrect: Water does serve to transport substances within organisms.
		J)	Incorrect: Water does serve to help stabilize body temperature within organisms.


13	Which of these is a monosaccharide?
		A)	sucrose
		B)	starch
		C)	glycogen
		D)	glucose
		E)	cellulose


14	The building blocks for proteins are
		A)	amino acids.
		B)	fatty acids and glycerol.
		C)	monosaccharides.
		D)	disaccharides.
		E)	nucleic acids.


15	Enzymes
		A)	are always composed of monosaccharides.
		B)	function by lowering the activation energy for a reaction.
		C)	can control many different reactions.
		D)	generally decrease the rate of chemical reactions.
		E)	are destroyed during the reaction they catalyze.

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