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1 | |
Which of the following is NOT a reason the text gave to study life-span development? |
| | A) | The more you learn about children, the better you can deal with them. |
| | B) | You may gain insight into your own history. |
| | C) | It is a requirement for such fields as nursing, psychology, and child development. |
| | D) | As a parent or teacher, you may have responsibility for children. |
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2 | |
In thinking about the importance of studying life-span development, research has found: |
| | A) | massage therapy decreases the immune system functioning of preterm infants. |
| | B) | secure attachment to parents in adolescence is linked with a host of negative outcomes. |
| | C) | researchers have been able to extend the life span of human cells in human subjects. |
| | D) | extending the life span of human cells in a test tube has implications for expanding human life. |
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3 | |
Parents who believe their children are basically good and need little discipline have adopted which philosophical view? |
| | A) | original sin |
| | B) | tabula rasa |
| | C) | innate goodness |
| | D) | experiential |
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4 | |
Parents adhering to the fundamental premise of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's "innate goodness" argument would: |
| | A) | reject the need to "teach" language since speech is inherited. |
| | B) | provide their children with little monitoring or constraints. |
| | C) | view their child as intellectually indistinguishable from themselves. |
| | D) | argue that their newborn's brain is like a "blank slate." |
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5 | |
Today, childhood is conceived of as: |
| | A) | a unique period of life that lays an important foundation for the adult years and is highly differentiated from them. |
| | B) | a period when children are like balls of clay ready to be molded. |
| | C) | an inconvenient waiting period during which adults must suffer the incompetencies of their young. |
| | D) | a unique period of life when adults must use caution to be sure they elicit the good from their children and suppress the evil. |
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6 | |
The traditional approach to development emphasizes: |
| | A) | little change from birth through old age. |
| | B) | extensive change from birth to adolescence, adulthood, and old age. |
| | C) | extensive change from birth to adulthood, then little change for the rest of the life-span. |
| | D) | extensive change from birth to adolescence, little or no change in adulthood, then decline in late old age. |
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7 | |
In the twentieth century: |
| | A) | life expectancy has increased by 30 years. |
| | B) | life expectancy has increased by 25 years. |
| | C) | life span has increased by 30 years. |
| | D) | life span has increased by 25 years. |
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8 | |
The maximum life span of humans since the beginning of recorded history has: |
| | A) | increased. |
| | B) | almost caught up with that of the Galapagos turtles. |
| | C) | decreased. |
| | D) | remained the same. |
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9 | |
As the older population continues to increase in the twenty-first century, concerns are raised about the number of older adults who will be: |
| | A) | living in poverty. |
| | B) | a financial drain on society. |
| | C) | able to care for themselves. |
| | D) | without either a spouse or children. |
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10 | |
According to Baltes (1987), the life-span perspective has the following characteristics EXCEPT being: |
| | A) | lifelong. |
| | B) | unidirectional. |
| | C) | multidimensional. |
| | D) | plastic. |
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11 | |
Many older persons become wiser with age, yet perform more poorly on cognitive speed tests. This supports the life-span perspective notion that development is: |
| | A) | multidirectional. |
| | B) | multidimensional. |
| | C) | lifelong. |
| | D) | plastic. |
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12 | |
In the __________ view, individuals are thought of as changing beings in a changing world. |
| | A) | plastic |
| | B) | sociocultural |
| | C) | contextual |
| | D) | cognitive |
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13 | |
The onset of puberty is an example of: |
| | A) | normative age-graded influences. |
| | B) | normative history-graded influences. |
| | C) | nonnormative life events. |
| | D) | storm-and-stress events. |
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14 | |
The AIDS epidemic in the United States would be an example of a: |
| | A) | normative age-graded influence. |
| | B) | normative history-graded influence. |
| | C) | nonnormative life event. |
| | D) | storm-and-stress event. |
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15 | |
Concerns for health and well-being have: |
| | A) | been important goals for most of human history. |
| | B) | become important goals since the great advances in medicine in the nineteenth century. |
| | C) | become important goals with the discovery of penicillin. |
| | D) | yet to become goals of major importance. |
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16 | |
The main interests of Luis Varga are: |
| | A) | gerontology and development of the life-span perspective. |
| | B) | cultural issues and the assessment and treatment of children, adolescents, and families. |
| | C) | ending spousal abuse and establishing shelters for abused women and children. |
| | D) | age and happiness in adolescence and adulthood. |
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17 | |
The behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a particular group that are passed on from generation to generation are called: |
| | A) | nationality. |
| | B) | religion. |
| | C) | culture. |
| | D) | ethnicity. |
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18 | |
A national government's course of action designed to influence the welfare of its citizens is called: |
| | A) | social policy. |
| | B) | social slate. |
| | C) | national policy. |
| | D) | policy agenda. |
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19 | |
Marian Wright Edelman, president of the Children's Defense Fund, states that with respect to how well children are treated in industrialized nations, the United States: |
| | A) | is the highest ranking. |
| | B) | ranks among the highest. |
| | C) | ranks around the middle. |
| | D) | is at or near the lowest ranking. |
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20 | |
With respect to women's experience of violence it occurs: |
| | A) | around the world. |
| | B) | most frequently in industrialized countries. |
| | C) | most often in third world countries. |
| | D) | least often in technologically advanced countries. |
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21 | |
The concept of generational inequity describes: |
| | A) | the situation in which older individuals receive more of the resources than younger individuals. |
| | B) | differences in values, and is commonly called the "generation gap." |
| | C) | differences in years of education between older, less educated individuals and younger, better educated individuals. |
| | D) | family power patterns in which older individuals typically have more decision-making power. |
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22 | |
Development is defined as the pattern of movement or ___________ across the life span. |
| | A) | growth |
| | B) | change |
| | C) | decline |
| | D) | stability |
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23 | |
Which of the following would involve a cognitive process? |
| | A) | hormonal changes at puberty |
| | B) | an infant responding to her mother's touch with a smile |
| | C) | an elderly couple's affection for each other |
| | D) | putting together a two-word sentence |
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24 | |
What is true concerning the biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes? |
| | A) | Each is distinct from the others. |
| | B) | The cognitive and socioemotional are more closely related than the cognitive and biological. |
| | C) | They are intricately interwoven. |
| | D) | They are more obvious in the early years of life. |
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25 | |
Penny is just beginning to use language and other symbols. If she is developing normally, we would expect her to be in which developmental period? |
| | A) | perinatal |
| | B) | prenatal |
| | C) | infancy |
| | D) | early childhood |
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26 | |
__________ typically marks the end of the early childhood period of development. |
| | A) | Walking without assistance |
| | B) | The emergence of the first word |
| | C) | First grade |
| | D) | The onset of puberty |
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27 | |
Which period of development is characterized by establishing independence, developing an identity, and thinking more abstractly? |
| | A) | middle childhood |
| | B) | late childhood |
| | C) | adolescence |
| | D) | early adulthood |
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28 | |
Bernice Neugarten has emphasized reemerging life themes in development. Her observations have led her to conclude that: |
| | A) | life stages are important for understanding development. |
| | B) | each person relives his or her childhood during later development. |
| | C) | we must focus on the later developmental periods. |
| | D) | age is becoming less important for understanding development. |
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29 | |
Rozee is 86 years young. She continues to learn phrases in new languages, she writes poetry, and she enjoys going to museums to see the latest up-and-coming artists. These examples of her adaptive capacities demonstrate: |
| | A) | chronological age. |
| | B) | biological age. |
| | C) | psychological age. |
| | D) | social age. |
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30 | |
Researchers who are proponents of the nurture perspective would argue that: |
| | A) | genetics determines all behavior. |
| | B) | the environment a person is raised in determines that individual's longevity. |
| | C) | how long an individual's parents lived is the best predictor of that individual's longevity. |
| | D) | genetics and the environment in which an individual is raised will jointly determine that person's longevity. |
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31 | |
In studying changes in the way we think as we age, Dr. Long notes a child moves from not being able to think abstractly about the world to being able to, which is a qualitative change in processing information. Dr. Long emphasizes: |
| | A) | continuity. |
| | B) | discontinuity. |
| | C) | stability. |
| | D) | maturation. |
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32 | |
An important dimension of the ____________ issue is the extent to which early experiences or later experiences are the key determinants of a person's development. |
| | A) | stability-change |
| | B) | nature-nurture |
| | C) | continuity-discontinuity |
| | D) | multidimensional |
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33 | |
Most life-span developmentalists recognize that: |
| | A) | nature, continuity, and stability are the primary determinants of behavior. |
| | B) | nurture, discontinuity, and change are the primary determinants of behavior. |
| | C) | the key to development is in the interaction of nature and nurture, continuity and discontinuity, and stability and change. |
| | D) | while nurture (the environment) is important, nature (heredity) plays the stronger role. |
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34 | |
The answers to questions about the issues of nature-nurture, continuity-discontinuity, and stability-change: |
| | A) | influence public policy decisions and how people live their lives. |
| | B) | have little influence on public policy decisions, but do influence how people live their lives. |
| | C) | influence public policy decisions, but have little influence on how people live their lives. |
| | D) | are primarily concerns for psychologists, but end up having little impact in policy or people's lifestyle choices. |
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35 | |
Jennifer has been working with the elderly for many years diagnosing their medical problems, evaluating treatment options, and making recommendations for nursing care or other arrangements. Jennifer is most likely a: |
| | A) | gerontologist. |
| | B) | geriatric physician. |
| | C) | geriatric nurse. |
| | D) | geropsychologist. |
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Matching: Match the following persons with the statement or theory that most closely reflects their perspective:
2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education