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1 | |
The story related in the text about Jessica Dubrofff suggests that: |
| | A) | parents need to be sensitive to and encourage the special talents and desires of their children. |
| | B) | parents can subtly guide their children in a way that the parents are able to fulfill their own desires. |
| | C) | children should be allowed to have a well-rounded life. |
| | D) | parents need to restrict their children's activities to prevent them from injuring themselves. |
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2 | |
The period of middle and late childhood involves: |
| | A) | slow, consistent growth. |
| | B) | rapid, consistent growth. |
| | C) | rapid spurts of growth. |
| | D) | moderate growth with occasional spurts. |
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3 | |
During the elementary school years, body changes occur: |
| | A) | at close to the same rate as they occurred during early childhood. |
| | B) | much more rapidly than they did during early childhood. |
| | C) | in the skeletal and muscular systems. |
| | D) | most significantly in the dermal and subdermal systems. |
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4 | |
Duran is a normal, healthy second-grader. He is most likely to become fatigued by long periods of: |
| | A) | sitting. |
| | B) | running. |
| | C) | jumping. |
| | D) | bicycling. |
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5 | |
Which pattern best portrays changes in gross and fine motor skills in the elementary school years? |
| | A) | Boys outperform girls in fine motor skills. |
| | B) | Girls outperform boys in fine motor skills. |
| | C) | Girls outperform boys in gross motor skills. |
| | D) | There are no sex differences in the development of gross and fine motor skills. |
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6 | |
A 1997 national poll found that _________ percent of elementary school children were physically active for 30 minutes every day of the week. |
| | A) | 12 |
| | B) | 22 |
| | C) | 32 |
| | D) | 42 |
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7 | |
Which of the following sports settings present special concern for child developmentalists? |
| | A) | special olympics |
| | B) | highly competitive, win-oriented sports |
| | C) | gymnastics |
| | D) | highly physical interactive sports |
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8 | |
The most common cause of severe injury and death in middle and late childhood is: |
| | A) | cancer. |
| | B) | skate-boarding. |
| | C) | ingestion of poisons. |
| | D) | motor vehicle accidents. |
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9 | |
Nine-year-old Fernando has had a weight problem since he was an infant. One of the best strategies he could use to lose weight would be: |
| | A) | stomach surgery. |
| | B) | wiring his mouth to reduce food intake. |
| | C) | a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet. |
| | D) | exercise and a moderate reduction in calories. |
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10 | |
The most common cancer in children is: |
| | A) | leukemia. |
| | B) | lymphoma. |
| | C) | brain cancer. |
| | D) | neuroblastoma. |
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11 | |
The most frequent disability among school children in the United States is: |
| | A) | visual impairment. |
| | B) | learning disabilities. |
| | C) | mental retardation. |
| | D) | speech handicaps. |
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12 | |
Jason, a second-grader, has no trouble with math, science, or art, but he cannot spell, read, or write. Jason is likely to be found to have: |
| | A) | a vision impairment. |
| | B) | a speech handicap. |
| | C) | a learning disability. |
| | D) | an attention deficit. |
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13 | |
Tyisha suffers from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). She is most likely to be experiencing all of the following symptoms EXCEPT: |
| | A) | she has a short attention span. |
| | B) | she engages in high levels of physical activity. |
| | C) | her intelligence is below normal for her age. |
| | D) | she is extremely impulsive. |
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14 | |
Which of the following class of drugs is most likely to be given to a child to control attention deficit hyperactivity disorder? |
| | A) | stimulants |
| | B) | depressants |
| | C) | tranquilizers |
| | D) | relaxants |
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15 | |
In 1983, Public Law 94-142 was renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). This act requires that students with disabilities have: |
| | A) | special classrooms to enhance their education. |
| | B) | funding for special education. |
| | C) | an individualized education plan. |
| | D) | tutors or aides to assist them. |
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16 | |
Today, the term "mainstreaming" means educating a child with: |
| | A) | disabilities in the regular classroom. |
| | B) | special education needs full-time in the general school program. |
| | C) | special education needs partially in a special education classroom, partially in a regular classroom. |
| | D) | disabilities in the least restrictive environment possible. |
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17 | |
Reversible mental actions are called: |
| | A) | focal points. |
| | B) | symbolic thought. |
| | C) | abstractions. |
| | D) | operations. |
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18 | |
Tyrell understands that his father can also be a son and a brother all at the same time. This suggests that Tyrell is in the ___________ stage. |
| | A) | sensorimotor |
| | B) | preoperational |
| | C) | concrete operational |
| | D) | formal operational |
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19 | |
Which of the following is an application of Piaget's ideas to education? |
| | A) | We need to know how children understand the world to teach them effectively. |
| | B) | Children's illogical or distorted ideas about the world make it hard for them to learn. |
| | C) | The pattern of mental development is universal, so one curriculum could be developed and used for all children. |
| | D) | By the third or fourth grade, children are ready for abstract learning. |
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20 | |
All of the following are criticisms of Piaget's work EXCEPT: |
| | A) | not all concepts of a cognitive stage develop at the same time. |
| | B) | changing the tasks that measure cognitive development changes skills children can exhibit. |
| | C) | children can be trained to do tasks that they should not be able to do given the cognitive stage they are in. |
| | D) | some of the skills Piaget identified appear much later than he suggested. |
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21 | |
The cognitive processes that do not occur automatically but require work and effort are called: |
| | A) | control processes. |
| | B) | strategic methods. |
| | C) | critical thinking skills. |
| | D) | motivation. |
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22 | |
___________ involves grasping the deeper meaning of ideas, keeping an open mind about different approaches and perspectives, and deciding for oneself what to believe or do. |
| | A) | Reflection |
| | B) | Critical thinking |
| | C) | Use of strategies |
| | D) | Abstract learning |
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23 | |
Aaron is aware of his thinking and understands that he uses certain strategies to help him remember. These skills demonstrate: |
| | A) | memory. |
| | B) | cognition. |
| | C) | metacognition. |
| | D) | abstract reasoning. |
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24 | |
Summarizing and getting the "gist" of what an author is saying are important strategies for: |
| | A) | planning. |
| | B) | writing. |
| | C) | reading. |
| | D) | rereading. |
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25 | |
__________ is defined as verbal ability, problem-solving skills, and the ability to adapt to and learn from life's everyday experiences. |
| | A) | Creativity |
| | B) | Intelligence |
| | C) | Metacognition |
| | D) | Wisdom |
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26 | |
The purpose of the first intelligence test designed by Alfred Binet and Theophile Simon was to: |
| | A) | identify students who should be placed in special classes. |
| | B) | identify gifted students who should be placed in accelerated training programs. |
| | C) | measure intelligence so that future success could be predicted. |
| | D) | form a basic definition of intelligence and find definitive answers to what intelligence is. |
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27 | |
Ashley has a mental age of 13 and a chronological age of 10. Thus her intelligence quotient (IQ) is: |
| | A) | 130 |
| | B) | 100 |
| | C) | 77 |
| | D) | 10 |
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28 | |
Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence includes all of the following abilities EXCEPT: |
| | A) | analytical. |
| | B) | creative. |
| | C) | motivational. |
| | D) | practical. |
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29 | |
Indira grew up in poverty and first learned to care for herself and her younger brother by selling newspapers and developing "street smarts." Although she never went to school, she has become successful in business. In terms of Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory, which type(s) of intelligence does Indira have? |
| | A) | analytical |
| | B) | creative |
| | C) | practical |
| | D) | all three factors |
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30 | |
Ariadne is an architect. According to Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence, which type of intelligence would Ariadne have? |
| | A) | spatial |
| | B) | mathematical |
| | C) | kinesthetic |
| | D) | naturalist |
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31 | |
Many of the early intelligence tests favored urban, middle-income, White individuals. These tests are considered to be: |
| | A) | culture-fair. |
| | B) | culture-biased. |
| | C) | culturally differentiating. |
| | D) | normative. |
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32 | |
Why does it seem to be impossible to devise a universal, culture-fair intelligence test? |
| | A) | We cannot establish norms for the different populations of people who take the test. |
| | B) | Languages are so different that some languages cannot express what other languages can. |
| | C) | Different cultures appear to encourage the development of different intellectual skills or knowledge. |
| | D) | We are beginning to doubt that IQ tests actually measure intelligence. |
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33 | |
All of the following are potential problems with IQ tests EXCEPT: |
| | A) | scores on an IQ test can easily lead to stereotypes. |
| | B) | IQ tests can be used as the sole indicator of a person's competence. |
| | C) | there may be problems in interpreting the meaningfulness of the overall IQ score. |
| | D) | IQ tests can be used to predict how well a student might be expected to perform in school. |
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34 | |
Information about the causes of mental retardation suggests that: |
| | A) | the causes are primarily organic. |
| | B) | environment is more important than biology. |
| | C) | most retardation is due to genetic factors. |
| | D) | both biological and environmental factors are involved. |
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35 | |
Ellen Winner (1996) has described three criteria that characterize gifted children. Which of the following is NOT a criterion? |
| | A) | ingenuity |
| | B) | precocity |
| | C) | marching to their own drummer |
| | D) | a passion to master |
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36 | |
Hyun-Joo is asked to come up with as many possible uses of a paper clip as possible. This task requires her: |
| | A) | verbal comprehension. |
| | B) | convergent thinking. |
| | C) | divergent thinking. |
| | D) | critical thinking. |
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37 | |
Isaac's parents want to encourage him to become more creative. Which of the following should they AVOID doing? |
| | A) | Encourage Isaac to brainstorm. |
| | B) | Provide Isaac with an environment that stimulates creativity. |
| | C) | Introduce Isaac to creative people. |
| | D) | Encourage Isaac's external motivation. |
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38 | |
Xanath is a normally developing 8-year-old. If you were to ask her to say the first thing that comes to mind when you say the word "dog," she would most likely say: |
| | A) | "black." |
| | B) | "big." |
| | C) | "sit." |
| | D) | "animal." |
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39 | |
Mrs. Kumin believes that in early reading instruction, children should be presented with materials in their complete form, such as stories and poems. Which approach does Mrs. Kumin support? |
| | A) | whole-language |
| | B) | basic-skills-and-phonetics |
| | C) | balanced |
| | D) | classical |
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40 | |
Researchers have found that bilingualism: |
| | A) | has a negative effect on children's cognitive development. |
| | B) | has a positive effect on children's cognitive development. |
| | C) | confuses children in regard to language development. |
| | D) | results in children scoring lower than monolingual children on intelligence tests. |
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Match the following persons with the statement or theory that most closely reflects their perspective:
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41 | |
Alfred Binet |
| | A) | Created the major alternative to the Stanford-Binet intelligence test |
| | B) | Created the first test to determine which children would do well in school |
| | C) | Proposed a theory of seven kinds of intelligence |
| | D) | Developed the triarchic theory of intelligence |
| | E) | Talked about the importance of getting students to think reflectively |
| | F) | Metacognition should be a strong focus to help children think critically |
| | G) | The key to education is helping students learn a rich repertoire of strategies |
| | H) | Described gifted children in terms of precocity, own drummer, and passion |
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42 | |
Howard Gardner |
| | A) | Created the major alternative to the Stanford-Binet intelligence test |
| | B) | Created the first test to determine which children would do well in school |
| | C) | Proposed a theory of seven kinds of intelligence |
| | D) | Developed the triarchic theory of intelligence |
| | E) | Talked about the importance of getting students to think reflectively |
| | F) | Metacognition should be a strong focus to help children think critically |
| | G) | The key to education is helping students learn a rich repertoire of strategies |
| | H) | Described gifted children in terms of precocity, own drummer, and passion |
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43 | |
David Wechsler |
| | A) | Created the major alternative to the Stanford-Binet intelligence test |
| | B) | Created the first test to determine which children would do well in school |
| | C) | Proposed a theory of seven kinds of intelligence |
| | D) | Developed the triarchic theory of intelligence |
| | E) | Talked about the importance of getting students to think reflectively |
| | F) | Metacognition should be a strong focus to help children think critically |
| | G) | The key to education is helping students learn a rich repertoire of strategies |
| | H) | Described gifted children in terms of precocity, own drummer, and passion |
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44 | |
Ellen Winner |
| | A) | Created the major alternative to the Stanford-Binet intelligence test |
| | B) | Created the first test to determine which children would do well in school |
| | C) | Proposed a theory of seven kinds of intelligence |
| | D) | Developed the triarchic theory of intelligence |
| | E) | Talked about the importance of getting students to think reflectively |
| | F) | Metacognition should be a strong focus to help children think critically |
| | G) | The key to education is helping students learn a rich repertoire of strategies |
| | H) | Described gifted children in terms of precocity, own drummer, and passion |
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45 | |
Robert Sternberg |
| | A) | Created the major alternative to the Stanford-Binet intelligence test |
| | B) | Created the first test to determine which children would do well in school |
| | C) | Proposed a theory of seven kinds of intelligence |
| | D) | Developed the triarchic theory of intelligence |
| | E) | Talked about the importance of getting students to think reflectively |
| | F) | Metacognition should be a strong focus to help children think critically |
| | G) | The key to education is helping students learn a rich repertoire of strategies |
| | H) | Described gifted children in terms of precocity, own drummer, and passion |
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46 | |
John Dewey |
| | A) | Created the major alternative to the Stanford-Binet intelligence test |
| | B) | Created the first test to determine which children would do well in school |
| | C) | Proposed a theory of seven kinds of intelligence |
| | D) | Developed the triarchic theory of intelligence |
| | E) | Talked about the importance of getting students to think reflectively |
| | F) | Metacognition should be a strong focus to help children think critically |
| | G) | The key to education is helping students learn a rich repertoire of strategies |
| | H) | Described gifted children in terms of precocity, own drummer, and passion |
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47 | |
Deanna Kuhn |
| | A) | Created the major alternative to the Stanford-Binet intelligence test |
| | B) | Created the first test to determine which children would do well in school |
| | C) | Proposed a theory of seven kinds of intelligence |
| | D) | Developed the triarchic theory of intelligence |
| | E) | Talked about the importance of getting students to think reflectively |
| | F) | Metacognition should be a strong focus to help children think critically |
| | G) | The key to education is helping students learn a rich repertoire of strategies |
| | H) | Described gifted children in terms of precocity, own drummer, and passion |
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48 | |
Michael Pressley |
| | A) | Created the major alternative to the Stanford-Binet intelligence test |
| | B) | Created the first test to determine which children would do well in school |
| | C) | Proposed a theory of seven kinds of intelligence |
| | D) | Developed the triarchic theory of intelligence |
| | E) | Talked about the importance of getting students to think reflectively |
| | F) | Metacognition should be a strong focus to help children think critically |
| | G) | The key to education is helping students learn a rich repertoire of strategies |
| | H) | Described gifted children in terms of precocity, own drummer, and passion |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education