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1 | |
Today's adolescents face ________ demands, expectations, and risks compared with those faced by adolescents a generation ago. |
| | A) | more |
| | B) | fewer |
| | C) | just as many |
| | D) | less strenuous |
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2 | |
Public attitudes about adolescence that emerge from personal experience and media portrayals are: |
| | A) | relatively accurate. |
| | B) | generally inaccurate. |
| | C) | consistent with today's adolescents' acting out behaviors. |
| | D) | accurate from personal experiences, inaccurate from media portrayals. |
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3 | |
__________ is a period of rapid physical development involving hormonal and bodily changes that occur primarily during early adolescence. |
| | A) | Puberty |
| | B) | Menarche |
| | C) | Spermarche |
| | D) | Maturation |
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4 | |
The age at which puberty arrives is ___________ with each passing decade. |
| | A) | increasing |
| | B) | decreasing |
| | C) | staying the same |
| | D) | slowing down |
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5 | |
For menarche to begin and continue: |
| | A) | a girl must be at least 12 years old. |
| | B) | pubic hair must have begun to emerge, demonstrating uterine development. |
| | C) | calorie intake must exceed the amount of calories a girl burns up. |
| | D) | fat must make up 17 percent of the girl's body weight. |
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6 | |
The ____________ important endocrine gland(s) for controlling growth and regulating other glands. |
| | A) | hypothalamus is an |
| | B) | pituitary gland is an |
| | C) | thalamus is an |
| | D) | gonads are |
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7 | |
Whereas __________ is responsible for development of genitals, increase in height, and changes in boys' voices, __________ is a hormone associated with breast, uterine, and skeletal development in girls. |
| | A) | testosterone/estradiol |
| | B) | estradiol/testosterone |
| | C) | estrogen/progesterone |
| | D) | serotonin/dopamine |
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8 | |
The most noticeable changes in body growth for females include all of the following EXCEPT: |
| | A) | height spurt. |
| | B) | tendencies toward obesity. |
| | C) | breast growth. |
| | D) | menarche. |
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9 | |
Recent research about puberty suggests all of the following EXCEPT: |
| | A) | it is advantageous to be an early-maturing rather than a late-maturing boy. |
| | B) | early-maturing girls experience more problems in school than late-maturing girls. |
| | C) | pubertal variations are less dramatic than is commonly thought. |
| | D) | in early adolescence, early-maturing girls show less satisfaction with their figures than do late-maturing girls. |
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10 | |
As a child matures into adolescence, interest in sexuality: |
| | A) | is considered normal. |
| | B) | is a risk factor. |
| | C) | becomes abnormal. |
| | D) | inhibits cognitive development. |
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11 | |
Adolescents who engage in homosexual behavior in adolescence: |
| | A) | will increase their homosexual practices into adulthood. |
| | B) | do not necessarily continue the practice into adulthood. |
| | C) | may benefit from counseling aimed at helping them become heterosexual. |
| | D) | are usually only exploring their newly budding sexuality. |
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12 | |
David, a homosexual male, engaged in "passing" during adolescence. This would mean David: |
| | A) | frequented gay bath houses. |
| | B) | encouraged his heterosexual friends to engage in homosexual activities. |
| | C) | hid his homosexual identity. |
| | D) | let people close to him know that he was homosexual. |
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13 | |
According to a 1998 study by the Alan Guttmacher Institute, initial sexual intercourse occurs for a majority of teenagers. |
| | A) | around age 12 |
| | B) | by age 15 |
| | C) | in the early- to mid-adolescent years |
| | D) | in the mid- to late-adolescent years |
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14 | |
With respect to use of contraceptives: |
| | A) | adolescent girls are increasing their use, but adolescent boys are decreasing their use. |
| | B) | adolescent boys are increasing their use, but adolescent girls are decreasing their use. |
| | C) | both adolescent boys and girls are increasing their use. |
| | D) | both adolescent boys and girls are decreasing their use. |
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15 | |
The teenage birth rate: |
| | A) | is lower now than it was in the 1950s and 1960s. |
| | B) | is about the same as it was in the 1950s and 1960s. |
| | C) | is higher than it was in the 1950s and 1960s. |
| | D) | has been growing steadily since the 1950s. |
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16 | |
All of the following are health risks for infants of adolescent mothers EXCEPT: |
| | A) | low birthweight. |
| | B) | neurological problems. |
| | C) | childhood illness. |
| | D) | chlamydia. |
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17 | |
The Teen Outreach Program, which involves adolescents in volunteer community service, has been successful in lowering all of the following EXCEPT: |
| | A) | teen smoking. |
| | B) | adolescent pregnancy. |
| | C) | school failure rate. |
| | D) | academic suspension. |
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18 | |
The drug most widely used by adolescents in our society is: |
| | A) | marijuana. |
| | B) | alcohol. |
| | C) | ecstacy. |
| | D) | inhalents. |
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19 | |
__________ is more important than ___________ in predicting genetic damage to lungs. |
| | A) | Age of onset of smoking/how much the individual smokes |
| | B) | How much the individual smokes/age of onset of smoking |
| | C) | An inherited genetic trait/how much the individual smokes |
| | D) | Whether an individual's parents smoked/ how much the individual smokes |
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20 | |
Annette has an eating disorder that involves the relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation, which ultimately may lead to her death. Annette suffers from: |
| | A) | bulimia nervosa. |
| | B) | anorexia nervosa. |
| | C) | body dysphoric disorder. |
| | D) | failure to thrive syndrome. |
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21 | |
Which of the following adolescents is most likely to suffer from anorexia? |
| | A) | Bill, an African-American male honor student from a low-income family |
| | B) | Kim, an Asian-American female honor student from an upper-income family |
| | C) | Jarod, a White male from a middle-income family who has dropped out of school |
| | D) | Emily, a White female honor student from an upper-income family |
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22 | |
Adolescents in which country do the LEAST amount of exercise? |
| | A) | the United States |
| | B) | Ireland |
| | C) | Germany |
| | D) | the Slovak Republic |
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23 | |
Which of the following is the LEAST likely cause of motor vehicle accidents among adolescents? |
| | A) | speeding |
| | B) | tailgating |
| | C) | lack of driving experience |
| | D) | driving under the influence of drugs |
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24 | |
A child in the formal operational thought stage of cognitive development is MOST likely to engage in which of the following activities? |
| | A) | using building blocks to determine how houses are constructed |
| | B) | writing a story about a clown who wants to leave the circus |
| | C) | drawing pictures of a family using stick figures |
| | D) | writing an essay about patriotism |
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25 | |
When playing the modified "Twenty Questions" game in which she is supposed to determine which picture of 42 the experimenter has in mind, Elnora asks questions in a systematic way, such as "Is it in the top half of the display?" Elnora is exhibiting: |
| | A) | hypothetical-deductive reasoning. |
| | B) | hypothetical-inductive reasoning. |
| | C) | concrete operational thought. |
| | D) | preoperational thought. |
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26 | |
Jean Piaget's ideas on formal operational thought are being challenged in all of the following ways EXCEPT: |
| | A) | Not all adolescents are formal operational thinkers. |
| | B) | Not all adults in every culture are formal operational thinkers. |
| | C) | There is more individual variation in the development of formal operations than Piaget thought. |
| | D) | Only those with scientific training use hypothetical-deductive reasoning. |
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27 | |
Jennifer, who is having unprotected sex with her boyfriend, comments to her best friend, "Did you hear about Barbara? You know how she fools around so much. I heard she's pregnant. That would never happen to me!" This is an example of the: |
| | A) | imaginary audience. |
| | B) | false-belief syndrome. |
| | C) | personal fable. |
| | D) | adolescent denial syndrome. |
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28 | |
Sydney calls her best friend Aisha in a panic. She has a date with Jason, someone she has wanted to date for months, but now she has a blemish on her forehead, which she knows Jason (and everyone else) will notice. This is an example of the: |
| | A) | imaginary audience. |
| | B) | false-belief syndrome. |
| | C) | personal fable. |
| | D) | personal absorption syndrome. |
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29 | |
Research on driver-training courses in high school has found that the courses: |
| | A) | are not generally effective for improving adolescents' cognitive skills related to driving. |
| | B) | are not generally effective for improving adolescents' motor skills related to driving. |
| | C) | have not been effective in reducing adolescents' high rate of traffic accidents. |
| | D) | have been effective in reducing adolescents' high rate of traffic accidents. |
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30 | |
All of the following are cognitive changes that allow improved critical thinking in adolescents EXCEPT: |
| | A) | more breadth of content knowledge in a variety of domains. |
| | B) | increased ability to construct new combinations of knowledge. |
| | C) | slower speed of information processing demonstrating focus and concentration. |
| | D) | a greater range and more spontaneous use of strategies for applying knowledge. |
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31 | |
A trend in adolescent development that has formulated the creation of middle schools is: |
| | A) | an increase in formal operational thinking among early adolescents. |
| | B) | the appearance of greater autonomy from adults. |
| | C) | the earlier onset of puberty in recent decades. |
| | D) | the fact that today's teens spend more time with peers than with parents or adults. |
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32 | |
Students experiencing the top-dog phenomenon are most likely to exhibit: |
| | A) | high achievement motivation. |
| | B) | lowered satisfaction with school. |
| | C) | good relations with peers. |
| | D) | power over other students. |
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33 | |
Joan Lipsitz (1984) said that the common thread among schools that have been successful in diminishing the trauma often associated with the middle-school experience is that they all emphasized: |
| | A) | gender equity. |
| | B) | curricular flexibility. |
| | C) | discipline. |
| | D) | the importance of high academic standards. |
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34 | |
The Carnegie Corporation (1989) recommendations for improving middle schools in the United States included all of the following EXCEPT: |
| | A) | lower the student counselor ratios to 10:1. |
| | B) | get parents involved. |
| | C) | integrate physical health into the curriculum. |
| | D) | promote continuity by keeping all class sessions the same length. |
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35 | |
Rumberger (1983) found all of the following are reasons that students drop out of schools EXCEPT: |
| | A) | family pressures. |
| | B) | not liking school. |
| | C) | economic reasons. |
| | D) | marriage. |
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36 | |
Which is the only country in the world in which sports are an integral part of the public school system? |
| | A) | the United States |
| | B) | Russia |
| | C) | Japan |
| | D) | Brazil |
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37 | |
__________ is conveyed by the moral atmosphere that is a part of every school. |
| | A) | The hidden curriculum |
| | B) | Character education |
| | C) | Values Clarification |
| | D) | Cognitive moral education |
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38 | |
Research on service learning has shown: |
| | A) | grades decline because students have less time for their studies. |
| | B) | students' self-esteem improves. |
| | C) | students become alienated from their families. |
| | D) | students are resentful of the extra pressures placed on them. |
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Match the following persons with the statement or theory that most closely reflects their perspective:
2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education