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1 | |
The change in status and roles that occurs during adolescence is referred to as |
| | A) | social reform |
| | B) | social redefinition |
| | C) | social reinvention |
| | D) | social realignment |
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2 | |
_________ believe that adolescence, as a developmental period, is highly socially dependent and primarily determined by the broader social context. |
| | A) | Inventionists |
| | B) | Creationists |
| | C) | Environmentalists |
| | D) | Behaviorists |
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3 | |
A term used to denote the frivolous and lighthearted nature of the period between childhood and adulthood is |
| | A) | youth |
| | B) | apprentice |
| | C) | teenager |
| | D) | marginal man |
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4 | |
The anthropologist who wrote extensively about the social transitions of adolescence and authored Patterns of Culture was |
| | A) | Glen Elder Jr. |
| | B) | Margaret Mead |
| | C) | Laurence Steinberg |
| | D) | Ruth Benedict |
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5 | |
An example of a status offense is |
| | A) | using cocaine |
| | B) | running away |
| | C) | speeding |
| | D) | stealing |
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6 | |
Attending boarding school is an example of |
| | A) | extrusion |
| | B) | gender segregation |
| | C) | placing out |
| | D) | home leaving |
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7 | |
When compared with the social transition from adolescence to adulthood in traditional cultures, this same transition for contemporary American adolescents is ____ clear. |
| | A) | more |
| | B) | similarly |
| | C) | less |
| | D) | very |
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8 | |
When the transition into adult roles is abrupt, the transition is said to be |
| | A) | nonlinear |
| | B) | skewed |
| | C) | transformational |
| | D) | discontinuous |
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9 | |
In her study looking at transitions into adult roles, Margaret Marini found that |
| | A) | most males and females followed a similar pattern of transition from school to work. |
| | B) | females were more likely to combine schooling with work and family commitments. |
| | C) | males were more likely to combine schooling with work and family commitments. |
| | D) | very few males and females combined schooling with work and family commitments. |
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10 | |
Which of the following statements is true about home leaving and contemporary youth in industrialized countries? |
| | A) | Adolescents from single parent families tend to remain at home longer than their counterparts from two parent families. |
| | B) | Adolescents are living with their parents longer than adolescents 30 years ago. |
| | C) | Adolescents in the United States are unique in their patterns of home leaving. |
| | D) | Adolescents report that the current economic situation makes it much easier to leave home early. |
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11 | |
In his study of adolescence during the Great Depression, Elder found that |
| | A) | adolescents from families experiencing economic hardship were less likely to work than adolescents from economically stable families. |
| | B) | adolescents from economically stable families were less likely to work than adolescents from families experiencing economic hardship. |
| | C) | adolescents generally were not able to work due to a shortage of jobs, so there were no differences based on economic circumstances. |
| | D) | adolescents from all economic circumstances were far more likely to be in school than in the work force. |
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12 | |
In their study of home leaving and long-term developmental outcomes(early marriage, more childbearing, etc.) in female adolescents, Stattin and Magnusson found |
| | A) | early home leaving was not related to later developmental outcomes. |
| | B) | early home leaving tended to lead to poorer developmental outcomes. |
| | C) | early home leaving tended to lead to better developmental outcomes. |
| | D) | early home leaving was associated with poorer developmental outcomes. |
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13 | |
In the year 2000, young people from minority backgrounds comprised ____ percent of the youth population in the United States. |
| | A) | less than 10 |
| | B) | 25 |
| | C) | 33 |
| | D) | 50 |
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14 | |
Who wrote The Truly Disadvantaged? |
| | A) | Glen Elder, Jr. |
| | B) | Margaret Mead |
| | C) | Jeanne Brooks-Gunn |
| | D) | William Julius Wilson |
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15 | |
The book The Truly Disadvantaged chronicles the effect of poverty on |
| | A) | young people in third world countries. |
| | B) | young people that grew up during the Great Depression. |
| | C) | young people growing up in the inner city. |
| | D) | young people growing up in hunting and gathering cultures. |
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16 | |
The geographic region of the United States with the highest rate of poverty among families with adolescents is |
| | A) | the Northeast |
| | B) | the Midwest |
| | C) | the South |
| | D) | the West |
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17 | |
The family arrangement in the United States with the highest rate of poverty involving families with adolescents is |
| | A) | a family headed by a married couple. |
| | B) | a family headed by a female with no other adult. |
| | C) | a family headed by a male with no other adult. |
| | D) | a family headed by two unmarried adults. |
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18 | |
Researchers looking at the effect of growing up in a poor neighborhood have found that |
| | A) | growing up in a poor neighborhood is less problematic than growing up in a poor family. |
| | B) | growing up in a poor neighborhood is no more problematic than growing up in a rural area. |
| | C) | growing up in a poor neighborhood is more problematic than growing up in a less impoverished community. |
| | D) | growing up in a poor neighborhood is not problematic for economically stable families. |
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19 | |
In Latino communities, adolescent girls have a coming-out celebration known as |
| | A) | fiesta |
| | B) | Bar Mitzvah |
| | C) | quinceañara |
| | D) | cumpleanos |
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20 | |
The practice of brother-sister avoidance accomplishes |
| | A) | separation of the young person from his or her parents. |
| | B) | accentuation of physical and social differences between genders. |
| | C) | passing on of cultural, historical and practical information. |
| | D) | initiation of the genders to the socio-political world. |
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21 | |
Kurt Lewin coined the following term to denote the transitional nature of the adolescent: |
| | A) | youth |
| | B) | apprentice |
| | C) | teenager |
| | D) | marginal man |
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22 | |
Ruth Benedict believed |
| | A) | the more discontinuous the transition from adolescence to adulthood, the more stressful the experience would be. |
| | B) | the more continuous the transition from adolescence to adulthood, the more stressful the experience would be. |
| | C) | the more discontinuous the transition from adolescence to adulthood, the less stressful the experience would be. |
| | D) | the level of continuity of the transition from adolescence to adulthood is not related to the level of stress experienced. |
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23 | |
Comparing the clarity of the adolescent transition of contemporary young people with American adolescents 100 years ago, we find that the transition is ____ today. |
| | A) | clearer |
| | B) | less clear |
| | C) | similarly clear |
| | D) | impossible to compare to |
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24 | |
Margaret Mead found that the emphasis in traditional cultures in the socialization of young people is on |
| | A) | formal schooling. |
| | B) | observational learning. |
| | C) | reading. |
| | D) | story telling. |
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25 | |
Recent estimates suggest that ____ percent of American young people are at risk of not achieving a productive adult life. |
| | A) | less than 10 |
| | B) | 25 |
| | C) | 33 |
| | D) | 50 |
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26 | |
Why were "child protectionists" in favor of child labor laws and compulsory educational laws in the beginning of the 1900s? |
| | A) | because they wanted to protect limited job openings for adult workers |
| | B) | because adolescents would rather spend time in schools than at work |
| | C) | because most workplace conditions were harmful to the health of children and adolescents |
| | D) | because school conditions were harmful to the health of children and adolescents |
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27 | |
Initiation ceremonies around the world typically employ some change in the external appearance of the individual who is entering adulthood. The purpose of this change in external appearance is |
| | A) | to help the individual feel that they are no longer a child. |
| | B) | the help others recognize the individual's adult status. |
| | C) | to facilitate the "celebration" of the individual's entrance into adulthood. |
| | D) | to signal to the gods that the person has entered adulthood. |
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28 | |
How is the transition from adolescence to adulthood in America described? |
| | A) | very clear and discontinuous |
| | B) | very unclear and continuous |
| | C) | very clear and continuous |
| | D) | very unclear and discontinuous |
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29 | |
How is the transition from adolescence to adulthood in traditional cultures described? |
| | A) | very clear and discontinuous |
| | B) | very unclear and continuous |
| | C) | very clear and continuous |
| | D) | very unclear and discontinuous |
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30 | |
By the year 2020, ethnic minority children will account for ____ of all U.S. children |
| | A) | nearly 25% |
| | B) | nearly 50% |
| | C) | nearly 75% |
| | D) | nearly 95% |
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31 | |
According to Jeffrey Arnett, traditional cultures differ from industrialized cultures in that industrialized societies are more likely to emphasize ___ than traditional cultures. |
| | A) | strong connections between different generations within a family |
| | B) | participation in the adult culture |
| | C) | strong gender role separation during adolescence |
| | D) | the development of certain traits of self-reliance |
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32 | |
Research conducted with Swedish adolescents demonstrated that adolescent girls who left home early were more likely to |
| | A) | marry later in life. |
| | B) | have higher levels of impulsivity and aggression. |
| | C) | have fewer children. |
| | D) | achieve higher levels of education. |
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33 | |
With the high number of youth who do not graduate from high school or do not attend college, perhaps ___ of young people today will fail to achieve productive adult lives. |
| | A) | 5% |
| | B) | 15% |
| | C) | 25% |
| | D) | 50% |
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34 | |
In many societies, adolescents are not permitted to engage in certain behaviors until they have reached the ___, or the legal age for adult status. |
| | A) | age of majority |
| | B) | marginal age |
| | C) | age of emerging adulthood |
| | D) | apprentice age |
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35 | |
Daily exposure to ___ causes stress that increases the risk of emotional and behavioral problems. |
| | A) | peer pressure |
| | B) | social transitions |
| | C) | immigration |
| | D) | community violence |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education