![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/sites/dl/free/0072452706/title/CUNNINGHAM1E_sm.jpg) Principles of Environmental Science William P. Cunningham,
University of Minnesota Mary Ann Cunningham,
Vassar College
Environmental Science and Policy
Learning ObjectivesAfter studying this chapter, you should be able to:
I.understand how adaptive and precautionary principles can help us make decisions in "wicked" problems where scientific evidence is incomplete or contradictory. |
![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | II.be aware of the goals and opportunities in environmental education and environmental careers. |
![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | III.summarize the cycle by which policy is established. |
![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | IV.describe the path of a bill through the legislature. |
![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | V.recognize the differences among civil, criminal, and administrative law. |
![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | VI.judge the effectiveness of litigation in environmental issues. |
![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | VII.consider the reasons that international treaties have or have not been successful. |
![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | VIII.scrutinize collaborative, community-based planning methods. |
![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | IX.compare radical and mainline environmental groups and the tactics they employ to bring about social change. |
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