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Multiple Choice Quiz 1
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1
Atoms are the smallest particles of any ________ carrying all the properties of that element.
A)molecule
B)macromolecule
C)element
D)metal
2
In a normal situation all atoms are
A)positively charged
B)electrically neutral
C)negatively charged
D)electrically insignificant
3
Electrons in the atom are the

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A)moving particles in the orbits surrounding the nucleus
B)unwanted particles
C)heavy particles residing in the nucleus
D)subatomic particles that only have negative charges
4
Which one among the following is found in atoms of all elements EXCEPT for hydrogen?
A)electron
B)proton
C)nucleus
D)neutron
5
When different forms for the same atom exist due to the difference in the number of neutrons, they are known as
A)atoms
B)isotopes
C)neutrons
D)molecules
6
Which statement among the following is true?
A)Electrons are largely responsible for the weight of the atom.
B)Protons could easily move from one atom to other for the formation of molecules.
C)Depending on the number of electrons, they are moving in multiple orbits or shells.
D)Neutrons are another name for protons.
7
The capability of any atom (other than inert elements) to react or to form any molecule depends on the
A)number of electrons
B)number of protons
C)number of neutrons
D)total number of protons and electrons
8
For the formation of molecules, ___________ is involved.
A)mutual bonding
B)chemical reaction
C)chemical bonding
D)sharing of protons
9
From the periodic table what information about an element could be found?
A)number of electrons
B)number of protons
C)number of neutrons
D)all of the above information is available
10
An element has 7 electrons, 7 protons, and 7 neutrons, what will be the atomic weight of that element?
A)7
B)14
C)21
D)0
11
Atomic number of an element is determined by the
A)number of neutrons
B)position of electrons
C)number of protons
D)total number of electrons and protons

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12
A covalent bond is characterized by
A)sharing electrons by the atoms
B)sharing electrons by one atom and gaining electrons by the other
C)the attractive force between oppositely charged atoms
D)involvement of too many different forces
13
At present how many elements are known?
A)32
B)125
C)500
D)108
14
Which of the following best describes a proton?
A)A proton has one positive charge, mass of one unit and found in nucleus.
B)A proton has negative charge, mass of one unit and found in nucleus.
C)A proton has one negative charge, no mass and found in nucleus.
D)A proton can have both positive and negative charge and found in nucleus.
15
When an atom is electrically charged (either positive or negative), it is known as a(n)
A)molecule
B)radiation
C)ion
D)element
16
In ionic bonding
A)only non-polar molecules are involved
B)a "sea of electrons" is formed
C)electrons are transferred from one atom to another
D)two hydrogen atoms share one pair of electrons
17
Peptide bonds are found in all the molecules of
A)carbohydrates
B)organic compounds
C)lipids
D)proteins
18
The four most abundant elements in the human body are
A)carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and iron
B)carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
C)calcium, hydrogen, sodium, and potassium
D)carbon, oxygen, magnesium, and zinc

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19
The hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a molecule of water are held together by a(an) __________ bond.
A)polar covalent
B)ionic
C)peptide
D)hydrogen
20
Which statement about hydrogen bonding is true?
A)Hydrogen bond is formed by sharing electrons between atoms.
B)Hydrogen bond also requires formation of ions.
C)Hydrogen bond is a weak force between atoms in a molecule but is of enormous importance in physiology.
D)Hydrogen bond is nothing but a different form of hydrogen ion.
21
Bonding is necessary for the formation of
A)molecules
B)ionic radiation
C)elements
D)atoms
22
A molecule is said to be _______ when it gains one or more electrons.
A)a free radical
B)electrified
C)oxydized
D)reduced
23
When two atoms are held together because their valence electrons orbit around both of them, they are united by a(n) ________ bond.
A)ionic
B)hydrogen
C)covalent
D)electron
24
The complex and unique three-dimensional structure of a protein molecule is maintained largely by __________ bonds.
A)electrovalent
B)covalent
C)ionic
D)hydrogen
25
The molecular formula C6H12O6 means it has the following constituents
A)one hydrogen and two oxygen atoms
B)one carbon, one hydrogen and one oxygen atoms
C)six carbon, twelve hydrogen and six oxygen atoms
D)one carbon, two hydrogen and one oxygen atoms
26
When molecules are formed by sharing electrons equally, those molecules are called
A)salt molecules
B)polar covalent
C)non-polar covalent
D)macromolecules
27
Which of the following statements about molecules is true?
A)When two or more atoms bond, they form a new structure called a molecule.
B)Molecules have to be formed by atoms of same type of elements.
C)Molecules have to be formed by atoms of different type of elements.
D)All of the above statements are false.
28
Which one among the following expresses the chemical formula of glucose?
A)C6H6O6
B)C6H12O6
C)CO2H2O
D)C6H12O6
29
Small molecules combine to form
A)atoms
B)atomic molecules
C)macromolecules
D)micromolecules
30
An example of macromolecules in our body includes
A)nucleic acids
B)proteins
C)carbohydrates and lipids
D)all of the above
31
If there are two lines connecting the atoms in any molecule, those double lines represent a(an)
A)single bond
B)double bond
C)ionic bond
D)no relation
32
Which statement about solubility of a compound is TRUE?
A)Compounds are always solid and cannot be dissolved in any solution.
B)Solubility properties of compounds are completely unknown.
C)Compounds are always liquid and can be dissolved in any solution.
D)Compounds, depending on their structure, could be water-soluble or fat-soluble.
33
Tissues can suffer extensive damage from ________________, due to the lack of antioxidants in the body.
A)free radicals
B)free electrolytes
C)free energy
D)a pH imbalance
34
A(n) _______ reaction is one in which two or more smaller molecules with low free energy are combined into a larger molecule with greater free energy.
A)endergonic
B)exergonic
C)synthesis
D)decomposition
35
An oxidizing agent _______ the molecule it oxidizes.
A)increases the size of
B)adds H or H2 to
C)adds electrons to
D)reduces the free energy of
36
A reduction reaction is always accompanied by
A)an oxidation reaction
B)decomposition
C)some energy release
D)huge nuclear decay
37
Which of the following is a synthesis reaction?
A)Two amino acids are bonded together to form a dipeptide.
B)Sucrose is chemically broken down to form one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose.
C)Sodium chloride is dissolved in water.
D)Several dipeptide chains are formed from digestion of a long polypeptide chain.
38
Physical and chemical changes occurring in the body are defined as
A)metabolism.
B)a synthesis reaction.
C)a decomposition reaction.
D)digestion.

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39
The reaction Na + Cl → NaCl is an example of a(n) _________ reaction.
A)exchange
B)synthesis
C)decomposition
D)catalyzed
40
The most penetrating and harmful type of ionizing radiation produced by uranium and plutonium is _________ radiation.
A)gamma
B)alpha
C)ultraviolet
D)beta
41
Which of the following general equations depicts an exchange reaction?
A)AB→ A + B
B)A + B → AB
C)AB + CD → AC + BD
D)AB → A + B +
42
Catabolism is a collective term for all the body's _______ reactions.
A)endergonic
B)decomposition
C)reduction
D)synthesis
43
If an atom has 3 electrons in its second shell and its first shell is filled, it will tend to
A)lose 3 electrons from its second shell
B)lose all of the electrons from its first shell
C)lose all of the electrons from its first and second shells
D)gain 2 electrons in its second shell
44
Electrolytes are substances that
A)form covalent bonds with water.
B)ionize when dissolved in water.
C)cannot conduct electricity in solution.
D)are not found in the human body in any appreciable amounts.
45
Synthesis reactions are particularly important in the body for
A)release of energy
B)digestion of food products
C)growth of body parts
D)neutralization of acids by buffers
46
Which of the following reactions represents a decomposition reaction?
A)A + B → C + D
B)A + B → AB
C)AB → A + B
D)C + D → AB
47
A chemical reaction in which pairs of two different molecules trade positions with one another is called __________.
A)decomposition
B)exchange
C)reversible
D)synthesis
48
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A)synthesis reaction - two reactants combine to form a larger product
B)decomposition reaction - large reactant broken into smaller products
C)oxidation - gain of electrons
D)dehydration reaction - water is a product of the reaction
49
Which of the following factors will influence the rate of chemical reactions?
A)temperature
B)concentration of reactants
C)presence of catalysts
D)all of these will influence the rate of chemical reactions
50
Energy stored in ATP is a form of _________ energy.
A)mechanical
B)chemical
C)potential
D)heat
51
A base is defined as a chemical that
A)accepts H+
B)releases H+
C)releases H2O
D)accepts OH

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52
A solution that resists changes in pH when H+ or OH ions are added to it, is called a(n)
A)buffer
B)base
C)alkali
D)neutral solution

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53
When hydrogen ion concentration increases, pH
A)increases
B)decreases
C)doesn't change
D)changes to neutral

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54
The pH is a scale that measures the
A)concentration of hydrogen ions in solution
B)amounts of salts dissolved in water
C)number of hydroxyl ions in water
D)strength of an electrical current carried by a solution

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55
A(n) _____________ solution contains equal numbers of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions.
A)acidic
B)basic
C)alkaline
D)neutral

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56
Normal blood pH is maintained within a range of
A)7.35 - 8.5
B)7.35 - 7.45
C)4.5 - 5.5
D)1 - 14
57
The activity of enzymes depends on the optimum pH. What is the optimum pH for the enzyme pepsin secreted from the stomach?
A)12 - 14
B)0 - 7
C)1.5 - 2
D)7.35 - 7.45
58
Substances formed by the reaction between an acid and a base are known as
A)buffers
B)salts
C)compounds
D)macromolecules
59
Which one among the following is an example of a salt?
A)calcium carbonate
B)sodium chloride
C)magnesium sulfate
D)all of the above are examples of salt
60
Lemon juice and vinegar are__________ in nature.
A)basic
B)salts
C)acidic
D)neutral

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61
Which one among the following has a major role in our body structure?
A)calcium carbonate
B)sodium chloride
C)magnesium sulfate
D)all of the above
62
When a solute is dissolved in any solvent, the resulting mixture is called
A)a(n) solute
B)decomposed
C)a(n) solution
D)a(n) alcohol
63
Inorganic substances dissolve in water or react with water to release ions. Thus they are known as
A)salts
B)electrolytes
C)bases
D)inorganic compounds
64
Inorganic compounds do not contain which of the following bonds?
A)carbon and hydrogen
B)nitrogen and hydrogen
C)oxygen and hydrogen
D)carbon and sulfur
65
Most metabolic reactions occur in
A)alcohol
B)blood
C)carbon dioxide
D)water
66
To maintain homeostasis which of the following conditions are necessary?
A)Electrolytic imbalance is necessary.
B)Water volume has to be very low.
C)Electrolyte balance is key for maintaining homeostasis.
D)There should not be any formation of ions.
67
Which statement regarding the role of water in the body is true?
A)Water can absorb and transport heat.
B)Water is the most abundant compound in the body.
C)Water carries nutrients as well as waste materials.
D)All of the above statements are true regarding the role of water in the body.
68
Some inorganic compounds like __________mostly known as harmful are also required for some of the vital body functions.
A)NO and CO
B)H2O and CO2
C)NaCl and PO4
D)NH4 and O2
69
Carbon dioxide in our body is present
A)after the reaction occurs to synthesize protein
B)as a genetic factor
C)as a result of respiration
D)as a necessary compound for our body structure
70
Saline given to a patient to avoid dehydration is a solution of
A)sodium chloride
B)carbon dioxide
C)oxygen in water
D)sodium bicarbonate
71
Substances dissolved in the liquid portion of a solution are called the
A)solutes
B)solvents
C)catalysts
D)osmoles
72
Organic compounds are those that always contain
A)carbon and oxygen
B)carbon and hydrogen
C)hydrogen and oxygen
D)sulfur and phosphorus
73
Carbohydrates are also known as
A)harmful chemicals
B)primary source of energy
C)necessary components for protein formation
D)unsaturated compounds
74
A simple carbohydrate is characterized by
A)having a molecular formula of C6H12O6
B)being a building block of nucleic acids
C)having several polypeptide chains joined together
D)having too many double bonds
75
There are four vital organic compounds in the human body; those are
A)carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
B)proteins, cholesterol, hydrocarbons, and sodium chloride
C)carbohydrate, protein, plastic, and nucleic acid
D)sodium chloride, carbon dioxide, calcium carbonate, phospholipid
76
A major function of Deoxyribo Nucleic Acids (DNA) is that DNA
A)helps in the synthesis of varieties of nucleic acids
B)is important in building muscles
C)stores genetic information
D)is important in building carbohydrates
77
Which of the following statements about lipids is true?
A)Lipids are insoluble in water.
B)Cholesterol and fats are different varieties of lipids.
C)Fat molecules contain C, H, and O, but the proportion of oxygen is much smaller than in carbohydrates.
D)All of the above statements are true about lipids.
78
A general characteristic of nucleic acids is that they are
A)very small, simple molecules
B)a combination of inorganic and organic compound
C)all composed of building blocks called nucleotides
D)a type of inorganic compound
79
A protein can become denatured when
A)bonds between C-O are broken
B)weak hydrogen bonds are broken
C)peptide bonds are broken
D)none of the above
80
Which of the following statements about proteins is true?
A)Proteins are necessary for body structure and they serve as energy sources, and chemical messengers.
B)Proteins are made up with C, H, O, and N, and sometimes S.
C)They can act as enzymes.
D)All of the above statements are about proteins.
81
Which of the following is an organic compound?
A)hydrochloric acid (HCl)
B)salt (NaCl)
C)glucose (C6H12O6)
D)water (H2O)
82
The molecule used most frequently by cells as a fuel belongs to which of the following groups?
A)prostaglandins
B)carbohydrates
C)nucleic acids
D)steroids
83
Proteins are composed of building blocks called
A)triacylglycerols
B)phospholipids
C)amino acids
D)monosaccharides

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84
The primary structure of a protein is determined by the
A)number of polypeptide chains in the molecule
B)sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain
C)folded, helical nature of the molecule
D)the number of polypeptide and hydrogen bonds
85
Carbohydrates contain units known as
A)phosphate groups
B)monosaccharides
C)amino acids
D)steroids
86
Which of the following is mismatched?
A)cholesterol — nucleic acid
B)enzyme — protein
C)ribose — RNA
D)triglycerol — fat
87
Which of the following is a source of nitrogen for the body?
A)carbohydrates
B)water
C)proteins
D)glucose
88
Which of the following would be classified as a lipid?
A)cholesterol—a steroid
B)alanine—an amino acid
C)starch—a polysaccharide
D)catalase—an enzyme
89
Adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain are held together by _________ bonds.
A)hydrogen
B)ionic
C)Van der Waals
D)peptide
90
Hemoglobin in the red blood cells is formed by the ____________ structure of protein.
A)primary
B)quaternary
C)secondary
D)tertiary
91
How many strands of nucleic acids are there in a DNA molecule?
A)10
B)5
C)4
D)2

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92
A(n) _______ is any chemical that easily donates electrons to other chemicals.
A)oxidizing agent
B)reducing agent
C)catalyst
D)reactant







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