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Review and Comprehension Quiz
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1
The smallest particle of an element that still has the chemical characteristics of that element is a(an)
A)electron.
B)molecule.
C)neutron.
D)proton.
E)atom.
2
The number of electrons in an atom is equal to the
A)atomic number.
B)mass number.
C)number of neutrons.
D)isotope number.
E)molecular mass.
3
12C and 14C are
A)atoms of different elements.
B)isotopes.
C)atoms with different atomic numbers.
D)atoms with different numbers of protons.
E)compounds.
4
A cation is a (an)
A)uncharged atom.
B)positively charged atom.
C)negatively charged atom.
D)atom that has gained an electron.
E)both c and d.
5
A polar covalent bond between two atoms occurs when
A)one atom attracts shared electrons more strongly than another atom.
B)atoms attract electrons equally.
C)an electron from one atom is completely transferred to another atom.
D)the molecule becomes ionized.
E)a hydrogen atom is shared between two different atoms.
6
Table salt (NaCl) is
A)an atom.
B)organic.
C)a molecule.
D)a compound.
E)a cation.
7
The weak attractive force between two water molecules forms a(an)
A)covalent bond.
B)hydrogen bond.
C)ionic bond.
D)compound.
E)isotope.
8
Electrolytes are
A)nonpolar molecules.
B)covalent compounds.
C)substances that usually don't dissolve in water.
D)found in solutions that do not conduct electricity.
E)cations and anions that dissociate in water.
9
In a decomposition reaction
A)anabolism occurs.
B)proteins are formed from amino acids.
C)large molecules are broken down to form small molecules.
D)a dehydration reaction may occur.
E)all of the above.
10
Oxidation-reduction reactions
A)can be synthesis or decomposition reactions.
B)have one reactant gaining electrons.
C)have one reactant losing electrons.
D)can create ionic or covalent bonds.
E)all of the above.
11
Potential energy
A)is energy caused by movement of an object.
B)is the form of energy that is actually doing work.
C)includes energy within chemical bonds.
D)can never be converted to kinetic energy.
E)all of the above.
12
Which of these descriptions of heat energy is not correct?
A)Heat energy flows between objects that are at different temperatures.
B)Heat energy can be produced from all other forms of energy.
C)Heat energy can be released during chemical reactions.
D)Heat energy must be added to break apart ATP molecules.
E)Heat energy is always transferred from a hotter object to a cooler object.
13
A decrease in the speed of a chemical reaction occurs if
A)the activation energy requirement is increased.
B)catalysts are increased.
C)temperature increases.
D)the concentration of the reactants increases.
E)all of the above.
14
Which of these statements concerning enzymes is correct?
A)Enzymes increase the rate of reactions but are permanently changed as a result.
B)Enzymes are proteins that function as catalysts.
C)Enzymes increase the activation energy requirement for a reaction to occur.
D)Enzymes usually can only double the rate of a chemical reaction.
E)Enzymes increase the kinetic energy of the reactants.
15
Water
A)is composed of two oxygen atoms and one hydrogen atom.
B)has a low specific heat.
C)is composed of polar molecules into which ionic substances dissociate.
D)is produced in a hydrolysis reaction.
E)is a very small organic molecule.
16
When sugar is dissolved in water, the water is called the
A)solute.
B)solution.
C)solvent.
17
Which of these is an example of a suspension?
A)sweat
B)water and proteins inside cells
C)sugar dissolved in water
D)red blood cells in plasma
18
A solution with a pH of 5 is _______________ and contains _______________ H+ than a neutral solution.
A)a base, more
B)a base, less
C)an acid, more
D)an acid, less
E)neutral, the same number of
19
A buffer
A)slows down chemical reactions.
B)speeds up chemical reactions.
C)increases the pH of a solution.
D)maintains a relatively constant pH.
E)works by forming salts.
20
A conjugate acid-base pair
A)acts as a buffer.
B)can combine with H+ in a solution.
C)can release H+ to combine with OH-.
D)describes carbonic acid (H2CO3) and bicarbonate ion (HCO3-)
E)all of the above.
21
Carbon dioxide
A)consists of two oxygen atoms ionically bonded to carbon.
B)becomes toxic if allowed to accumulate within cells.
C)is mostly eliminated by the kidneys.
D)is combined with fats to produce glucose during metabolism within cells.
E)is taken into cells during metabolism.
22
Which of these is an example of a carbohydrate?
A)glycogen
B)prostaglandin
C)steroid
D)DNA
E)triglyceride
23
The polysaccharide used for energy storage in the human body is
A)cellulose.
B)glycogen.
C)lactose.
D)sucrose.
E)starch.
24
The basic units or building blocks of triglycerides are
A)simple sugars (monosaccharides).
B)double sugars (disaccharides).
C)amino acids.
D)glycerol and fatty acids.
E)nucleotides.
25
A ____________ fatty acid has one double covalent bond between carbon atoms.
A)cholesterol
B)monounsaturated
C)phospholipid
D)polyunsaturated
E)saturated
26
A peptide bond joins together
A)amino acids.
B)fatty acids and glycerol.
C)monosaccharides.
D)disaccharides.
E)nucleotides.
27
The ____________ structure of a protein results from the folding of the helices or pleated sheets.
A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary
28
According to the lock-and-key model of enzyme action,
A)reactants must first be heated.
B)enzyme shape is not important.
C)each enzyme can catalyze many types of reactions.
D)reactants must bind to an active site on the enzyme.
E)enzymes control only a small number of reactions in the cell.
29
DNA molecules
A)are the genetic material of cells.
B)contain a single strand of nucleotides.
C)contain the nucleotide uracil.
D)have three different types that have roles in protein synthesis.
E)contain up to 100 organic bases.
30
ATP
A)is formed by the addition of a phosphate group to ADP.
B)is formed with energy released during catabolism reactions.
C)provides the energy for anabolism reactions.
D)contains three phosphate groups.
E)all of the above.





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