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Multiple Choice
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1

Reginald attends class at a new school for the first time. He sees his classmates continuing to play loudly after the teacher enters the room and then he begins to engage in similar loud play. Which most accurately describes his learning process?
A)Modeling
B)Reinforcement
C)Punishment
D)Social comparison
2

What is one factor that distinguishes play from other sorts of activities?
A)Play seems to be intrinsically motivated.
B)Play is primarily concerned with ends not means.
C)Play is bound by external rules.
D)Play tends to be imposed or directed by others.
3

Children who are undergoing a great deal of psychological stress
A)show an increase in imaginative play.
B)show increased rigidity in imaginative play.
C)display a broad range of bizarre characters in their imaginative play.
D)are more able to free themselves from the real world.
4

It has been found that attractiveness
A)is more important in the peer acceptance of girls.
B)does not influence peer acceptance.
C)is equally important in the peer acceptance of boys and girls.
D)is more important in the peer acceptance of boys.
5

A high-status child will likely respond to conflict by
A)being friendly and direct.
B)ignoring the conflict and begin playing with a different group.
C)being aggressive.
D)enlisting the help of an adult.
6

Children who spend a large amount of time alone engaged in a constructive activity such as building with Legos are likely to be
A)socially unskilled.
B)neglected by their peers.
C)rejected by their peers.
D)socially competent.
7

What is the most important criteria for fourth and fifth graders’ friendships?
A)similar values and attitudes
B)mutual self-disclosure
C)common activities
D)shared interests
8

Natasha and Renee are friends because they are able to talk to each other about personal secrets. Natasha and Renee’s friendship is probably in the ______ stage.
A)emphatic
B)interconnected
C)reward-cost
D)normative
9

Which of the following is more true of friends than nonfriends?
A)Friends disagree more than nonfriends.
B)Male friends express less positive affect than male nonfriends.
C)The conflicts between friends are more heated than the conflicts between nonfriends.
D)Friends are less likely to see each other’s weaknesses than nonfriends.
10

Which of the following groups of children engage in “negative gossip”?
A)both girls and boys but only before the age of eight
B)both girls and boys
C)almost exclusively boys
D)almost exclusively girls
11

As children’s socialization continues to develop, they shift toward increased social play and a greater preference for playing
A)alone.
B)with parents.
C)with older siblings.
D)with peers.
12

Bobby tells Chris she is very smart, because Chris tells Bobby that he is incredibly bright. This mutual reinforcement, which acts to shape behavior, is known as
A)flattery.
B)manipulation.
C)puppy-love.
D)reciprocity.
13

By allowing the child to engage in fantasy, acting-out roles, and modeling others, play advances
A)theatrical opportunities.
B)social development.
C)empathy skills.
D)family relationships.
14

Which of the following has NOT been shown to be associated with the play behaviors of emotionally disturbed children?
A)age-inappropriate play
B)disrupted, discontinuous play
C)popularity with one’s peers
D)rigidity in play patterns
15

Children who have emotional or social problems may be ignored by their same-age peer groups but find acceptance easier to gain with
A)adults.
B)older children.
C)younger children.
D)mentally retarded children.
16

Ryan and Mallory are both in the second grade. At school they talk to each other and sometimes at recess they will play together as long as there is a group of boys to which Ryan is a part and a group of girls to which Mallory belongs. However, it is not unusual for them to spend Saturday afternoons at each other’s homes. How would you describe their relationship?
A)pathological and aberrant
B)typical for their age
C)unusual and strange
D)an indicator for future problems
17

Social acceptance of socially isolated and rejected children can often be facilitated by shaping socially desirable behavior through __________ or __________.
A)therapy; parent training
B)modeling; reinforcement
C)escape; avoidance
D)conversations; play-acting
18

The essential components of a friendship are __________ and __________.
A)proximity; gender
B)common interests; age
C)similar backgrounds; availability
D)reciprocity; commitment
19

Which of the following is a criterion young children use in determining dominance within hierarchies?
A)ability to direct others’ behavior
B)appearance
C)leadership skills
D)academic performance
20

Parents are more influential than peers with decisions concerning
A)friendship choices.
B)interpersonal behavior.
C)entertainment.
D)future aspirations.





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