 | Learning Objectives
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Chapter 9 teaches students about:
- How the old regime was replaced by modern society during the French Revolution.
- The Three Estates of the old regime, and the thwarted ambitions of both peasants and urban dwellers in prerevolutionary France.
- The tensions between the Third Estate, the nobility, and the king.
- The founding and initial reforms of the National Assembly or Constituent Assembly, which favored the middle classes.
- The formation of a revolutionary culture and the role of popular participation in the revolution.
- The gradual involvement of other European powers in a war with France and the impact of war on the revolution.
- The influence of various factions within the revolution, such as the Girondins, the sans-culottes, and others.
- The National Convention, the execution of the king, and the commencement of the Terror.
- The Committee on Public Safety, which operated as a joint dictatorship or war cabinet.
- The relations of the revolutionary governments with the church and the process of dechristianization.
- The first French Republic, the Directory, and the narrowness of its social base.
- Napoleon Bonaparte's spectacular rise to power.
- Napoleon's enlightened despotism and the restoration of order and peace at home and abroad.
- The emergence of a modern state under Napoleon, which combined aspects of the revolution and the old regime.
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