(See related pages)
|
|
|
| These questions are taken from the directed questions found in the margins of the chapter. After reading the chapter, you should be able to answer these questions: 12.1 Describe the broad issues that guide developmental research. 12.2 Describe prenatal development and how it can be influenced by STDs, alcohol, and other drugs. 12.3 Describe the newborn's sensory capabilities, perceptual preferences, reflexes, and learning capabilities. 12.4 Explain how nature and nurture jointly influence physical growth and motor development during infancy. 12.5 Describe the three cognitive processes and four stages of cognitive development outlined by Piaget, and describe research that supports and contradicts these ideas. 12.6 Describe how Vygotsky's zone of proximal development and information-processing approaches challenge Piaget's views. 12.7 Describe how research on violation of expectation and theory of mind challenge Piaget's views. 12.8 Differentiate among Kohlberg's preconventional, conventional, and postconventional stages of moral reasoning, and explain how moral reasoning is affected by culture and gender. 12.9 Describe some factors that influence adolescents' psychological reactions to puberty. 12.10 Describe how physical abilities and brain changes occur in adulthood. 12.11 Discuss the major cognitive changes that occur during adolescence. 12.12 Explain the cognitive and intellectual changes that occur in adulthood. 12.13 Discuss criticisms of the mental exercise hypothesis. 12.14 Describe how cognitive and intellectual abilities change in adulthood, and describe the characteristics of senile dementia. |