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| 1 | |
The _____ approach to education emphasizes the importance of students actively constructing their knowledge and understanding with guidance from the teacher. |
| | A) | guided |
| | B) | constructivist |
| | C) | direct instruction |
| | D) | learner-centered |
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| 2 | |
The constructivist approach to education is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | maximizing student learning time. |
| | B) | encouraging students to explore their world. |
| | C) | collaboration. |
| | D) | monitoring and guidance by the teacher. |
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| 3 | |
The _____ approach to education is (structured and teacher-centered) It is characterized by teacher direction and control, high expectations for students' progress, and a strong focus on academic tasks. |
| | A) | guided |
| | B) | constructivist |
| | C) | direct instruction |
| | D) | learner-centered |
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| 4 | |
What is the name of the federal legislation that attempts to hold schools and school districts accountable for the achievement of their students through mandated testing? |
| | A) | Public Law 94-142 |
| | B) | Education for all Children Act |
| | C) | No Child Left Behind |
| | D) | Accountability Act of 2001 |
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| 5 | |
A common criticism of the No Child Left Behind Act is that |
| | A) | the tests cover too many topics. |
| | B) | expectations for student success have been unreasonable. |
| | C) | the tests do not measure skills such as creativity, motivation, and social skills. |
| | D) | the tests are too difficult to administer. |
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| 6 | |
The top-dog phenomenon refers to the |
| | A) | superior formal operational reasoning of high school students compared to junior high students. |
| | B) | dating advantage that junior high school girls have over junior high school boys. |
| | C) | self-perceptions of junior high school students who attend difficult schools. |
| | D) | lowered status experienced by students when they move from elementary to junior high school. |
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| 7 | |
Students' self-esteem is highest |
| | A) | in the last year of elementary school. |
| | B) | when they enter middle school. |
| | C) | when they enter junior high school. |
| | D) | in the first year of college. |
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| 8 | |
Which of these was NOT a recommendation of the 1989 Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development regarding the quality of U.S. middle schools? |
| | A) | Involve parents and community leaders in schools |
| | B) | Eliminate health counseling from the schools' list of responsibilities |
| | C) | Boost fitness programs |
| | D) | Increase the flexibility of the curriculum |
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| 9 | |
John is applying for a job with a large corporation. It is likely that the corporation will want him to have all of the following basic skills EXCEPT |
| | A) | the ability to read at relatively high levels. |
| | B) | the ability to speak at least one foreign language. |
| | C) | effective oral and written communication skills. |
| | D) | the ability to use personal computers for tasks such as word processing. |
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| 10 | |
A basic emphasis of the National Research Council in its recommendations for improving high schools in the United States is the importance of |
| | A) | finding ways to get students more engaged in learning. |
| | B) | students being able to pass state achievement tests. |
| | C) | teaching critical thinking skills. |
| | D) | teaching vocational skills. |
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| 11 | |
Which statement about dropping out of high school is correct? |
| | A) | Dropout rates have drastically increased over the past fifty years. |
| | B) | Leaving high school before graduating leaves adolescents with educational deficits that harm their economic and social well-being. |
| | C) | Females are more likely than males to drop out of high school. |
| | D) | Adolescents who drop out are more likely to give economic reasons than school-related reasons for dropping out. |
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| 12 | |
The students least likely to complete U.S. high school are |
| | A) | African Americans. |
| | B) | from single-parent homes. |
| | C) | Native Americans. |
| | D) | Urban Hispanics. |
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| 13 | |
Concerning dropping out of high school, which statement is FALSE? |
| | A) | More girls than boys drop out of high school. |
| | B) | Fifty percent of dropouts cite school reasons. |
| | C) | About 30 percent of girls cite personal reasons such as pregnancy or marriage. |
| | D) | Forty percent of Latino dropouts cite economic reasons. |
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| 14 | |
Students are least likely to drop out of school when |
| | A) | their parents do not intervene with their schooling. |
| | B) | they have good relationships with their parents during early adolescence. |
| | C) | they have good grades even if they do not have a good relationship with their parents. |
| | D) | they can take classes that they enjoy. |
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| 15 | |
All of the following are effective programs aimed at reducing the dropout rate in high schools EXCEPT |
| | A) | Talent Search. |
| | B) | The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. |
| | C) | The Donald Trump Foundation. |
| | D) | The National "Have a Dream" Foundation. |
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| 16 | |
Who is the most likely to report being stressed and depressed? |
| | A) | a female college student in 1985 |
| | B) | a male college student in 1985 |
| | C) | a female college student in 2007 |
| | D) | a male college student in 2007 |
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| 17 | |
Which of these is the most effective style of classroom management? |
| | A) | Authoritarian |
| | B) | Authoritative |
| | C) | Neglectful |
| | D) | Permissive |
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| 18 | |
According to Jacquelynne Eccles, _____ produces increasingly negative self-evaluations and attitudes toward school. |
| | A) | lack of fit between school environment and the young adolescent's needs. |
| | B) | the increased amount of homework in middle school or junior high school. |
| | C) | the pressure to engage in sports or other extracurricular activities. |
| | D) | leaving old friends from elementary school and having to make new friends in middle school or junior high. |
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| 19 | |
There are many things teachers can do that are associated with positive outcomes. Which of the following is NOT one of those behaviors? |
| | A) | Provide informative feedback, foster interest and focus on improvement. |
| | B) | Punish behavior and don't allow a democratic classroom. |
| | C) | Organize content and activities and individualize instruction. |
| | D) | model thinking processes, balance appropriate challenge level and encourage self-regulation. |
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| 20 | |
The most common type of bullying among U.S. youth is being |
| | A) | belittled about religion or race. |
| | B) | hit, slapped, or pushed. |
| | C) | subject of rumors. |
| | D) | belittled about looks or speech. |
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| 21 | |
Research suggests that adolescent participation in extracurricular activities is associated with |
| | A) | feeling overwhelmed. |
| | B) | lower grades. |
| | C) | improved possibility of going to college. |
| | D) | negative developmental outcomes. |
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| 22 | |
The jigsaw classroom aims to |
| | A) | teach vocational skills to middle school students. |
| | B) | encourage girls to consider careers in traditionally male fields. |
| | C) | improve relations among ethnically diverse students. |
| | D) | improve fitness. |
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| 23 | |
Students in _____ are required to stay in school until they are 17 years old; in _____, students are required to learn four foreign languages in addition to their own native language. |
| | A) | Russia; Brazil |
| | B) | Germany; Switzerland |
| | C) | Japan; Japan |
| | D) | Austria; Germany |
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| 24 | |
Which country has the largest percentage of 18 to 21-year-olds enrolled in college? |
| | A) | the United States |
| | B) | Belgium |
| | C) | Canada |
| | D) | New Zealand |
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| 25 | |
Children with learning disabilities |
| | A) | have difficulties in learning that involves understanding or using spoken or written language. |
| | B) | have lower than average intelligence. |
| | C) | are more likely to be mentally retarded. |
| | D) | are usually economically disadvantaged. |
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| 26 | |
Timothy has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). He most likely experiences all of the following symptoms EXCEPT |
| | A) | inattention. |
| | B) | hyperactivity. |
| | C) | below-normal intelligence. |
| | D) | impulsivity. |
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| 27 | |
Which of the following is not a likely cause of ADHD? |
| | A) | excessive sugar in the diet |
| | B) | heredity |
| | C) | brain damage during prenatal or postnatal development |
| | D) | cigarette and alcohol exposure during prenatal development |
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| 28 | |
Public Law 94-142, The Education for All Handicapped Children Act, mandates that all states provide _____ for all children with disabilities. |
| | A) | free health care |
| | B) | parental educational |
| | C) | free testing programs |
| | D) | appropriate educational programs |
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| 29 | |
Inclusion refers to |
| | A) | teaching disabled children in public, rather than private, schools. |
| | B) | including children with special education in all school sports programs. |
| | C) | giving disabled children top educational priority. |
| | D) | providing full-time education in a general school program to a child with special education needs. |
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| 30 | |
Ellen Winner describes all of the following characteristics of gifted adolescents EXCEPT |
| | A) | athletic superiority. |
| | B) | precocity. |
| | C) | marching to their own drummer. |
| | D) | a passion to master. |
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