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| 1 | |
One of the most important functions of the peer group in adolescence is to |
| | A) | provide a source of information about the world outside the family. |
| | B) | offer a safe environment. |
| | C) | teach adolescents about intimate relationships. |
| | D) | provide an escape from the adolescent's home. |
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| 2 | |
Recent research suggests that adolescents who are characterized by _____ tend to engage in negative interpersonal behavior when interacting with friends or romantic partners. |
| | A) | shyness |
| | B) | negative emotionality |
| | C) | neuroticism |
| | D) | negative feedback |
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| 3 | |
All of the following increase the likelihood that adolescents will be open to peer influence EXCEPT |
| | A) | when parents fail to monitor young adolescents adequately. |
| | B) | when the adolescent is in a subordinate social position in a group. |
| | C) | when the adolescent has a defined social identity. |
| | D) | when the adolescent is in 8th or 9th grade. |
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| 4 | |
Research by Judith Smetana has found that parents and adolescents perceive that parents have little authority over which adolescent arena? |
| | A) | peer relations |
| | B) | morality |
| | C) | religion |
| | D) | education |
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| 5 | |
The term _____ describes the extent to which children and adolescents are liked or disliked by their peers. |
| | A) | norms |
| | B) | conglomerate strategy |
| | C) | conformity |
| | D) | sociometric status |
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| 6 | |
Children who are frequently nominated as a best friend and are rarely disliked by their peers are |
| | A) | popular children. |
| | B) | neglected children. |
| | C) | rejected children. |
| | D) | controversial children. |
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| 7 | |
Children who are infrequently nominated as a best friend but are not disliked by their peers are |
| | A) | popular children. |
| | B) | neglected children. |
| | C) | rejected children. |
| | D) | controversial children. |
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| 8 | |
Children who are infrequently nominated as a best friend and are actively disliked by their peers are |
| | A) | popular children. |
| | B) | neglected children. |
| | C) | rejected children. |
| | D) | controversial children. |
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| 9 | |
Children who are frequently nominated both as a best friend and as being disliked are |
| | A) | popular children. |
| | B) | neglected children. |
| | C) | rejected children. |
| | D) | controversial children. |
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| 10 | |
An adolescent in which of these sociometric statuses would be at greatest risk for serious adjustment problems? |
| | A) | neglected |
| | B) | rejected |
| | C) | controversial |
| | D) | neglected, rejected, and controversial children are all equally at risk for adjustment problems |
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| 11 | |
According to John Coie, aggressive peer-rejected boys have problems in social relationships for all of the following reasons EXCEPT |
| | A) | they are more impulsive. |
| | B) | they are more emotionally reactive. |
| | C) | they are excessively shy. |
| | D) | they have problems making and keeping friends. |
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| 12 | |
Knowing that a friendship will be improved by sharing intimate conversations is an example of |
| | A) | social competence. |
| | B) | social knowledge. |
| | C) | social reciprocity. |
| | D) | social conscience. |
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| 13 | |
Which of the following is an emotional quality that is linked to successful peer relations? |
| | A) | self efficacy |
| | B) | social knowledge |
| | C) | self concept |
| | D) | coaching |
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| 14 | |
Coaching, or _____, involves the use of a combination of techniques, rather than a single approach, to improve adolescents' social skills. |
| | A) | youth organizations |
| | B) | peer strategies |
| | C) | conglomerate strategies |
| | D) | norms |
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| 15 | |
Which of these is NOT one of the six functions served by friendship? |
| | A) | Intimacy/Affection |
| | B) | Personal gain |
| | C) | Ego support |
| | D) | Stimulation |
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| 16 | |
_____ has been the most influential theorist in the study of adolescent friendships. |
| | A) | Kenneth Dodge |
| | B) | Erik Erikson |
| | C) | Jean Piaget |
| | D) | Harry Stack Sullivan |
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| 17 | |
The term "intimacy in friendship" is defined as |
| | A) | "friends with benefits." |
| | B) | self disclosure. |
| | C) | best friends. |
| | D) | a romantic relationship. |
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| 18 | |
When Karen tells her friends that their friendship is based on homophily, she is correctly stating that she and her friends |
| | A) | are lesbians. |
| | B) | do not like homosexuals. |
| | C) | have similar attitudes toward school and their educational expectations. |
| | D) | are all females. |
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| 19 | |
Compared to adolescent groups, children's groups |
| | A) | include a broader array of members. |
| | B) | have well-defined rules and regulations. |
| | C) | are not as formalized. |
| | D) | are composed of large cliques. |
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| 20 | |
Small groups that range from two to about twelve individuals and average about five to six individuals are called |
| | A) | cliques. |
| | B) | power groups. |
| | C) | crowds. |
| | D) | youth organizations. |
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| 21 | |
Sarah is 16 years old and does not want to belong to any clique or crowd. She is independent and does not feel that group membership is important. Her level of self-esteem is likely |
| | A) | the same as the jocks. |
| | B) | lower than the populars. |
| | C) | lower than the normals. |
| | D) | the same as the nobodies. |
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| 22 | |
Which of the following is NOT true regarding gender and friendships? |
| | A) | Girls friendships are deeper and more intimate. |
| | B) | Boys give more importance to having a congenial friend to share interests in hobbies and sports. |
| | C) | Girls are more cooperative in their friendships than boys. |
| | D) | Boys friendships emphasize power and excitement. |
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| 23 | |
Candice, Juana, Milly, and Olga are close friends who spend a lot of their time together discussing problems they have with their parents, their siblings, and their boyfriends. A negative outcome of this co-rumination is that |
| | A) | they may experience increased depression and anxiety. |
| | B) | no one else will want to be around them. |
| | C) | it will begin to cause problems with their boyfriends. |
| | D) | they will be at higher risk for running away from home. |
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| 24 | |
Which of these is NOT a main function of adolescent dating? |
| | A) | Recreation |
| | B) | Status |
| | C) | Studying |
| | D) | Socialization |
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| 25 | |
Which statement concerning romantic relationships in sexual minority youth is consistent with the research? |
| | A) | The average age of the initial same-sex activity for females ranges from 18 to 20. |
| | B) | The average age of the initial same-sex activity for males ranges from 8 to 13. |
| | C) | The most common initial same-sex partner is a close friend. |
| | D) | Most of the sexual minority youth who have same-sex experiences are in long-term relationships with their sex partner. |
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| 26 | |
Francine loves Pat and desires to have them near. There is also a deep caring for this companion. This is often called |
| | A) | romantic love. |
| | B) | agape love. |
| | C) | affectionate love. |
| | D) | empty love. |
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| 27 | |
Which of the following is characteristic of affectionate love? |
| | A) | It predominates in the early part of a love relationship. |
| | B) | It characterizes most adolescent love relationships. |
| | C) | It has strong sexual and infatuation components. |
| | D) | It occurs when individuals have deep, caring feelings for another person. |
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| 28 | |
In general, marriage rates in the U.S. are |
| | A) | increasing. |
| | B) | decreasing. |
| | C) | staying the same. |
| | D) | have not changed since 1980. |
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| 29 | |
Which of these factors is NOT associated with increased risk of divorce? |
| | A) | having a baby before marriage |
| | B) | low educational level |
| | C) | marrying late |
| | D) | having parents who are divorced |
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| 30 | |
Which of the following is an accurate statement about most gay male and lesbian couples? |
| | A) | One partner is masculine and the other is feminine. |
| | B) | At least half of gay male and lesbian relationships are open and allow the possibility of sex outside the relationship. |
| | C) | Gay males prefer short-term relationships. |
| | D) | Gay males and lesbians both prefer long-term, committed relationships. |
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