| graphic art | In the centuries following the Renaissance, any form of visual representation, especially two-dimensional media such as drawing, painting, etching, and engraving. In the modern period, the term graphicart has come to be specifically associated with the various printmaking arts, such as etching, engraving, and lithography.
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| printmaking | A general term for a number of processes by which two-dimensional images are produced in limited editions or sets of identical or nearly identical prints.
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| graphic design | The systematic organization of visual information, usually encompassing both imagery and text, for the purpose of communication or persuasion. Magazine advertisements and covers, corporate brochures, and publicity posters are examples of graphic design.
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| woodblock print | 1. A process of printmaking, one of the oldest, in which lines or shapes are cut into a block of wood so that the design to be printed protrudes from the block. The protruding sections are then inked and pressed onto paper manually or by means of a mechanical press. 2. The print that results from the process of woodblock printmaking.
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| engraving | 1. A printmaking process in which a design is cut by a handheld instrument into metal plates or wooden blocks. The cut areas are inked for printing. A dampened paper is then placed on the surface of the plate or block and run through the rollers of a printing press with enough pressure to force the softened paper into the inked areas below the engraved surface of the plate or block. 2. The finished print resulting from the process of engraving.
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| etching | 1. A printmaking process wherein a design is produced by scratching lines on the surface of a metal plate covered with an acid-resistant material. The plate is then placed in acid, which "etches" the lines into the surface of the metal. The lines are inked, and a dampened paper is placed on the surface of the plate and run through the rollers of a printing press with enough pressure to force the softened paper into the inked areas below the surface of the plate. 2. The finished print resulting from the process of etching.
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| aquatint | An etching technique characterized by subtle gradations of values from pale gray to deep black and by a pleasing granular appearance.
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| lithography | 1. The process of printmaking in which a greasy material is used to draw or brush a design onto the surface of a flat stone or metal plate. The surface is chemically treated and dampened so that printer's ink is absorbed only by the greasy areas that make up the design. The surface is then covered with paper, which is rolled through a printing press under great pressure. 2. The finished print resulting from the process of lithography.
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| screenprinting | Also known as silkscreen or serigraphy, a printmaking process in which the artist designs and prints his or her own stencils through a screen made of silk or some other open-meshed material.
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