Biology, Eighth Edition (Raven)

Chapter 13: Chromosomes, Mapping and the Meiosis—Inheritance Connection

Learning Outcomes

• Evaluate the effects of continuous variation, pleiotropic genes, lack of complete dominance, environmental modifications of genes, and epistasis on disease
• Understand the importance of crossing over in terms of gene assortment and construction of genetic maps.
• Describe the many genetic disorders discussed in the text, their symptoms, relative frequency in specialized populations, and their genetic basis.
• Understand the consequences of nondisjunction at various stages of gametogenesis and its affect on the sex chromosomes.
• Understand the value and purpose of genetic counseling and describe two techniques of prenatal genetic screening.
• Explain how chloroplasts and mitochondria contribute to the characteristics of eukaryotic cells.