1 A) the first plants. B) fossilized remains of biologically-derived organic molecules. C) remains of prokaryotic cells, the first organisms. D) deposits of specific isotopes of carbon that are most easily explained by biological metabolism. E) remnants of archaea ancestors. 2 A) linear, made of single-stranded DNA, and found in their nucleus. B) circular, made of singe-stranded DNA, and found in their nucleus. C) linear, made of double-stranded DNA, and found in their nucleoid region. D) circular, made of double-stranded DNA, and found in their nucleoid region. E) Either b or d is possible for bacteria. 3 A) True B) False 4 A) transformation. B) transduction. C) conjugation. D) All of these cause horizontal gene transfer. E) None of these allow horizontal gene transfer. 5 A) cells which can obtain their own food by engulfing other organisms. B) organisms which get their energy by harnessing the energy from spontaneous chemical reactions. C) cells which use energy from light reactions but obtain carbon from organic molecules. D) metabolic strategies during which carbon is harnessed from inorganic CO2 sources. E) metabolism involving organic carbon and energy sources. 6 A) True B) False 7 A) commensalistic interactions between eukaryotes and bacterial assistants. B) cellulose processing in the guts of cattle. C) treatment of sewage from urban sites. D) All of the above are examples of bioremediation. E) None of the above are examples of bioremediation.
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