Biology, Eighth Edition (Raven)

Chapter 42: Plant Reproduction

Comparison of Meiosis and Mitosis

How are mitosis and meiosis similar and how are they different from one another? Both mitosis and meiosis are associated with cytokinesis. The end result of both are daughter cells produced from a parent cell. The fundamental sequence of events in mitosis is the same as in meiosis (in meiosis it happens twice). Both processes include the breakdown of the nuclear membrane, the separation of genetic material into two groups, followed by cell division and the reformation of the nuclear membrane in each cells. The processes differ in two fundamental. Meiosis has two rounds of genetic separation and cellular division while mitosis only has one of each. In meiosis homologous chromosomes separate leading to daughter cells that are not genetically identical. In mitosis the daughter cells are identical to the parent as well as to each other.

View the animation below, then complete the quiz to test your knowledge of the concept.



1.

The number of cells produced by meiosis is ________ the number of cells produced by mitosis.
A)one-fourth
B)half
C)equal to
D)twice
E)four times
2.

The number of chromosomes in daughter cells produced by meiosis is ________ the number of chromosomes in daughter cells produced by mitosis.
A)one-fourth
B)half
C)equal to
D)twice
E)four times
3.

Which of the following is unique to meiosis?
A)nuclear membrane breaks down
B)DNA organizes into chromosomes
C)crossing-over
D)chromosomes align along the central plate of the cell
E)none of the above
4.

Daughter cells produced in meiosis are identical.
A)True
B)False
5.

Chromosome duplication occurs prior to both mitosis and meiosis.
A)True
B)False
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