How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education, 5/e

Jack R. Fraenkel, San Francisco State University
Norman E. Wallen, San Francisco State University

Internal Validity

Learning Objectives

Studying this chapter should enable you to:

Explain what is meant by the term "internal validity."

Explain what is meant by a "subject characteristics" threat to internal validity and given an example of such a threat.

Explain what is meant by a "mortality" threat to internal validity and given an example of such a threat.

Explain what is meant by a "location" threat to internal validity and given an example of such a threat.

Explain what is meant by an "instrumentation" threat to internal validity and given an example of such a threat.

Explain what is meant by a "testing" threat to internal validity and given an example of such a threat.

Explain what is meant by a "history" threat to internal validity and given an example of such a threat.

Explain what is meant by a "maturation" threat to internal validity and give an example of such a threat.

Explain what is meant by a "subject attitude" threat to internal validity and given an example of such a threat.

Explain what is meant by a "regression" threat to internal validity and give an example of such a threat.

Explain what is meant by an "implementation" threat to internal validity and give an example of such a threat.

Identify various threats to internal validity in published research articles.

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