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How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education Book Cover
How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education, 5/e
Jack R. Fraenkel, San Francisco State University
Norman E. Wallen, San Francisco State University
Internal Validity

Chapter Outline


What is Internal Validity?

Threats to Internal Validity

Subject Characteristics
Loss of Subjects (Mortality)
Location
Instrumentation
Testing
History
Maturation
Attitude of Subjects
Regression
Implementation
Factors that Reduce the Likelihood of Finding a Relationship

How Can a Researcher Minimize These Threats to Internal Validity?









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