Biology (Mader), 10th Edition

Chapter 14: Biotechnology and Genomics

Post-Test

1
Small accessory rings of DNA are called _____.
A)recombinant DNA
B)plasmids
C)clones
D)transposons
2
The plasmid DNA is cleaved by _____.
A)DNA ligase
B)DNA polymerase
C)a restriction enzyme
D)helicase
3
The foreign DNA is sealed into the opening created by the restriction enzyme by _____.
A)DNA polymerase
B)DNA repair enzymes
C)DNA ligase
D)helicase
4
The single-stranded but complementary ends of the two DNA molecules cleaved by the restriction enzyme _____.
A)are called "sticky ends"
B)can bind by complementary base pairing
C)facilitate the insertion of foreign DNA into vector DNA
D)All of the above
5
The full set of genes of an individual is called _____.
A)a genome
B)a vector
C)a plasmid
D)recombinant DNA
6
The p53 gene _____.
A)is often mutated in tumor cells
B)causes apoptosis in cells with damaged DNA
C)regulates the cell cycle
D)All of the above
7
With a/an ________ method of gene therapy it is possible to test and make sure the gene transfer has occurred before the cells are returned to the patient.
A)ex vivo
B)in vivo
C)vector
8
A retrovirus _____.
A)is a DNA virus
B)integrates DNA into the host chromosome
C)is active immediately after insertion into the host cell
D)All of these
9
Gene therapy for familial hypercholesterolemia uses a retrovirus to insert normal genes into _____ cells.
A)bone marrow stem
B)tumor
C)liver
D)ovarian
10
A new type of gene study, genomics is ______.
A)the sequencing and study of genomes
B)the study of relationships between gene sequences and protein structure and function
C)the genetic information of an organism, its genes and other DNA
D)None of these
11
It is estimated that there are _____ human genes.
A)100
B)250
C)500
D)1000+
12
The use of transgenic animals to produce pharmaceuticals is referred to as _____.
A)bioremediation
B)gene farming
C)gene therapy
D)cloning
13
Foreign genes can be inserted into plant cells that have had the cell wall removed, called _____.
A)protoplasts
B)vectors
C)plasmids
D)implants
14
Problems associated with xenotransplantation include _____.
A)objection by some people to the use of animals for this purpose
B)the fear that viruses carried by the animals may cause an epidemic in humans
C)long term survival of the transplanted organs
D)All of the above
15
Bacteria engineered to do a better job of decomposing oil are important to the field of _____.
A)agronomy
B)bioremediation
C)oncology
D)None of the above
16
The restriction fragment length polymorphisms can be separated from one another by _____.
A)autoradiography
B)PCR
C)gel electrophoresis
D)vectors
17
PCR is used to _____.
A)amplify a single gene or smaller piece of DNA
B)create DNA without introns
C)insert foreign DNA into a vector
D)All of these
18
In order for human gene expression to occur in a bacterium, the gene has to be accompanied by _____.
A)the proper regulatory proteins
B)introns
C)Both of these
19
Transgenic organisms are organisms which _____.
A)are polyploid
B)have foreign genes inserted in them
C)are hybrids
D)All of these
20
Gene therapy for treatment of cancer can be used to _____.
A)make healthy cells more tolerant of chemotherapy
B)make tumors more vulnerable to chemotherapy
C)introduce a normal p53 gene into lung cancer tumors
D)All of the above
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