Sarah Wilson has assumed a social studies teaching position in a traditional high school. The principal of the school is one who emphasizes very teacher-centered approaches. Sarah has gone through a teacher preparation program that placed a great deal of emphasis on constructivism and on adapting instructional approaches to address the particular learning needs of students.

The principal is interested in Sarah's approach and asks her for a defense of her approach. The principal knows that No Child Left Behind (NCLB) requires that schools use scientifically-based instructional practices. Such practices are ones that result from rigorous experimental studies.

1		Based on the content presented in this chapter (as well as Chapter 2), what research would you encourage Sarah to cite as a defense for her approach?