Biology, Eighth Edition (Raven)

Chapter 21: The Evidence for Evolution

Pre Test

1
There are 14 different species of Darwin's finches on the Galapagos Islands. They are all closely related but show great differences in beak size and shape. It requires which of the following for these differences to evolve by natural selection? (p.416)
A)there is variation among individuals
B)beak characteristics are inherited
C)fitness differences among individuals are based on beak characteristics
D)a and b
E)all of the above
2
Pollution control measures in Britain and in the United States have caused a decline in the frequency of melanic form of the Peppered moth. This decline is because: (p. 419)
A)industrial pollutants turned the moths black.
B)the selection pressure on the melanic and the non-melanic forms has reversed.
C)of coincidence.
D)of genetic drift.
E)of assortative mating.
3
Why can artificial selection produce values of characters (e.g. bristle number in Drosophila) greater than their original limits? (p. 420)
A)It cannot.
B)Mutation and recombination continually introduce new variation into populations.
C)Artificial selection is stronger than natural selection.
D)none of the above
4
Fossil evidence always show an increase in complexity of structures within a lineage. (p. 424)
A)True
B)False
5
The bones in the forelimbs of mammals are said to be: (p. 426 )
A)homozygous.
B)analogous.
C)homophobic.
D)homologous.
E)hydrophobic.
6
Distantly related animals are often striking similar in morphology (e.g dolphins and tuna). This is because of: (p. 428)
A)pure chance.
B)similar selection pressures.
C)mutation.
D)artificial selection.
E)all of the above
7
No "missing links" (intermediate forms) have ever been found in the fossil record. (p.429)
A)True
B)False
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