Biology, Eighth Edition (Raven)

Chapter 47: The Musculoskeletal System

Objective: Detail the mechanism of how a robotic knee can assist in enhancing body movement for amputees.


1.	What group of the amputee population experience particular difficulties in walking with prosthetics?

		A)	Those below the knee
		B)	Those at the toes
		C)	Those at the ankle
		D)	Those above the knee

2.	The microprocessor in this new “Robo” knee has the advanced features of all the following except:

		A)	measuring how far the knee is bent
		B)	determining the amount of force the user applies to it while walking.
		C)	analyzes the users walk
		D)	adapts the movement and resistance according to the users terrain conditions
		E)	sending a signal to sensory neurons in the brain about the position of the knee

3.	The magnetic fluid used for the robo knee is comprised of:

		A)	iron and oil.
		B)	steel and brake fluid.
		C)	copper and mineral oil.
		D)	zinc and Vaseline.

4.	The microprocessor sends signals to the joint causing:

		A)	the knee to bend.
		B)	a magnetic field that causes the fluid to adjust in stiffness and resistance.
		C)	an electrical field that if not careful can cause a shock while walking.
		D)	the joint to respond to motor neurons from the brain.

5.	How is the knee re-programmed?

		A)	Manual hyper-extension of the robo knee joint
		B)	New magnets periodically replaced into the joint
		C)	Hand-held PDA that can be taken anywhere with the individual
		D)	Re-chargeable batteries